Chapter 10: Altered Neural Function Patho Quiz

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What is the primary function of the resting membrane potential?

Rapid movement of sodium into the cell

Supporting cell development

Regulation of action potential (correct)

Transmission of electrical impulses

Which type of neuron carries impulses toward the central nervous system?

Interneuron

Motor neuron

Supporting cell

Sensory neuron (correct)

What is the primary function of the presynaptic terminal in neural communication?

Receiving electrical signals

Transmission of chemical information (correct)

Carrying impulses along the neuron

Regulating membrane potential

During which phase of the action potential does rapid movement of sodium into the cell occur?

Depolarization phase Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic changes are typically observed in the brain with aging?

Widening of sulci Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental stage marks the presence of all necessary neurons in a newborn?

Newborn stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spinal cord according to the text?

Pathway for communication from peripheral to brain Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the spinal cord contains efferent motor neurons leaving the cord?

Ventral horns Signup and view all the answers

What does the white matter in the spinal cord mainly consist of?

Myelinated axons Signup and view all the answers

Which system extends from the sensorimotor areas of the brain to the motor neurons of the ventral horn of the spinal cord?

Pyramidal motor system Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the extrapyramidal system in the central nervous system?

Fine-tunes and stabilizes movement Signup and view all the answers

What does the blood-brain barrier allow according to the text?

Low lipids Signup and view all the answers

Which type of spinal cord injury is characterized by the loss of sensation and motor function below the level of injury?

Complete transection Signup and view all the answers

What type of injury involves damage to the gray matter of the central cord and may lead to loss of motor neurons and interneurons?

Partial transection Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging study is commonly used to diagnose spinal cord injuries by injecting dye into the spinal canal?

Myelography Signup and view all the answers

What is a key contribution to the manifestations and complications associated with spinal cord injury?

Degree of cord transection Signup and view all the answers

Which syndrome is associated with damage impairing the transduction of afferent or efferent neural impulses?

Central cord syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What type of spinal cord injury results in loss of motor neurons and interneurons due to damage to the gray matter of the central cord?

Partial transection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of surgery for Parkinson Disease?

To replace damaged neurons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of Parkinson Disease?

Normal gait Signup and view all the answers

What is the suspected cause of neuronal injury in Parkinson Disease?

Oxidative damage Signup and view all the answers

Which scale is used to classify the severity of Parkinson Disease?

Hoehn and Yahr scale Signup and view all the answers

What type of treatment is Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease?

Surgical Signup and view all the answers

In Parkinson Disease, what is the primary role of dopamine replacement therapy (levodopa)?

Enhance dopamine levels in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of cerebral palsy, according to the text?

Event during the antenatal or postnatal periods damaging upper motor neurons Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motor dysfunction is associated with cerebral palsy?

Ataxic Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of cerebral palsy?

Enlarged head with bulging fontanels Signup and view all the answers

Which condition involves the central nervous system demyelination?

Multiple sclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis?

MRI and lumbar puncture Signup and view all the answers

Which age group typically presents with difficulty in feeding due to hydrocephalus?

Infants Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment for hydrocephalus to establish normal CSF volumes?

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt Signup and view all the answers

In Parkinson Disease, the degeneration of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the basal ganglia leads to an excess of dopamine production.

False Signup and view all the answers

Bradykinesia in Parkinson Disease is characterized by fast and fluid movements.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Hoehn and Yahr scale for Parkinson Disease categorizes Stage 3 as severe with limited walking ability and rigidity.

False Signup and view all the answers

Anticholinergics are not used as part of the pharmacologic treatment for Parkinson Disease.

False Signup and view all the answers

Deep brain stimulation is a common surgical treatment option for Parkinson Disease.

True Signup and view all the answers

_________ cord syndrome is a type of partial cord transection syndrome

Central Signup and view all the answers

_________ syndrome results from damage impairing the transduction of neural impulses

Brown-Séquard Signup and view all the answers

In Brown-Séquard syndrome, there is typically loss of _________ and motor function on one side of the body

sensation Signup and view all the answers

Treatment options for spinal cord injuries may include surgery, _________, and physical therapy

rehabilitation Signup and view all the answers

_______ stimulation is a common surgical treatment for Parkinson Disease

Deep Brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of Parkinson Disease according to the text?

Degeneration of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the basal ganglia Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with Parkinson Disease as described in the text?

Hyperkinesia Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Stage 2 according to the Hoehn and Yahr scale for Parkinson Disease?

Mild symptoms affecting both sides of the body Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure is commonly performed as part of the treatment for Parkinson Disease?

Pallidotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary pharmacologic treatment option for Parkinson Disease according to the text?

Dopamine agonists Signup and view all the answers

Chapter 10: Altered Neural Function Patho Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the resting membrane potential?

Which type of neuron carries impulses toward the central nervous system?

What is the primary function of the presynaptic terminal in neural communication?

During which phase of the action potential does rapid movement of sodium into the cell occur?

What characteristic changes are typically observed in the brain with aging?

Which developmental stage marks the presence of all necessary neurons in a newborn?

What is the function of the spinal cord according to the text?

Which part of the spinal cord contains efferent motor neurons leaving the cord?

What does the white matter in the spinal cord mainly consist of?

Which system extends from the sensorimotor areas of the brain to the motor neurons of the ventral horn of the spinal cord?

What is the function of the extrapyramidal system in the central nervous system?

What does the blood-brain barrier allow according to the text?

Which type of spinal cord injury is characterized by the loss of sensation and motor function below the level of injury?

What type of injury involves damage to the gray matter of the central cord and may lead to loss of motor neurons and interneurons?

Which imaging study is commonly used to diagnose spinal cord injuries by injecting dye into the spinal canal?

What is a key contribution to the manifestations and complications associated with spinal cord injury?

Which syndrome is associated with damage impairing the transduction of afferent or efferent neural impulses?

What type of spinal cord injury results in loss of motor neurons and interneurons due to damage to the gray matter of the central cord?

What is the primary purpose of surgery for Parkinson Disease?

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of Parkinson Disease?

What is the suspected cause of neuronal injury in Parkinson Disease?

Which scale is used to classify the severity of Parkinson Disease?

What type of treatment is Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease?

In Parkinson Disease, what is the primary role of dopamine replacement therapy (levodopa)?

What is the main cause of cerebral palsy, according to the text?

Which type of motor dysfunction is associated with cerebral palsy?

What is a common clinical manifestation of cerebral palsy?

Which condition involves the central nervous system demyelination?

What is one of the diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis?

Which age group typically presents with difficulty in feeding due to hydrocephalus?

What is a common treatment for hydrocephalus to establish normal CSF volumes?

In Parkinson Disease, the degeneration of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the basal ganglia leads to an excess of dopamine production.

Bradykinesia in Parkinson Disease is characterized by fast and fluid movements.

The Hoehn and Yahr scale for Parkinson Disease categorizes Stage 3 as severe with limited walking ability and rigidity.

Anticholinergics are not used as part of the pharmacologic treatment for Parkinson Disease.

Deep brain stimulation is a common surgical treatment option for Parkinson Disease.

_________ cord syndrome is a type of partial cord transection syndrome

_________ syndrome results from damage impairing the transduction of neural impulses

In Brown-Séquard syndrome, there is typically loss of _________ and motor function on one side of the body

Treatment options for spinal cord injuries may include surgery, _________, and physical therapy

_______ stimulation is a common surgical treatment for Parkinson Disease

What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of Parkinson Disease according to the text?

Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with Parkinson Disease as described in the text?

What is a characteristic feature of Stage 2 according to the Hoehn and Yahr scale for Parkinson Disease?

Which surgical procedure is commonly performed as part of the treatment for Parkinson Disease?

What is a primary pharmacologic treatment option for Parkinson Disease according to the text?

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