Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You Learning Objectives Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term is used to describe microbes that are minute living things that are usually too small to be seen with the unaided eye?

  • Germlings
  • Macrobes
  • Germ (correct)
  • Macroorganisms
  • Which of the following is NOT included in the group of microbes mentioned in the text?

  • Algae
  • Parasites (correct)
  • Viruses
  • Bacteria
  • What term refers to microbes that live stably in and on the human body?

  • Transient microbiota
  • Alien microbiome
  • Normal microbiota (correct)
  • Abnormal microbiome
  • What is another term for the human microbiome, or microbiota?

    <p>Human flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is accurate about the relationship between humans and their microbiota?

    <p>Humans depend on their microbiota to maintain health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily contributes to converting essential chemical elements into forms usable by plants and animals?

    <p>Bacteria and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganisms are the only ones capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form available to plants and animals?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of microorganisms are primarily involved in returning carbon dioxide to the atmosphere during the decomposition process?

    <p>Fungi and bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of sewage treatment, what is the primary purpose of sewage treatment plants?

    <p>To remove undesirable materials and harmful microorganisms from sewage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of microorganisms can recycle water effectively through sewage treatment processes?

    <p>Bacteria and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of beneficial microorganisms in sewage treatment?

    <p>To break down harmful microorganisms and undesirable materials in sewage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin synthesized by gut bacteria is essential for blood clotting?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for harmless bacteria that normally reside in the body?

    <p>Normal flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors influences whether a microbe can colonize the body?

    <p>Body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two components of scientific nomenclature for organisms?

    <p>Genus and epithet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for the community of microorganisms living in and on the human body?

    <p>Normal microbiota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of scientific nomenclature used for microorganisms?

    <p>Both names are capitalized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disease mentioned in the text is characterized by muscle-destroying symptoms?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Inactivation of immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disease treated by gene therapy is linked to defective LDL-receptor deficiency?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In gene therapy, what is the function of the harmless virus used to carry genes into host cells?

    <p>Integrate gene into chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition results from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) not entering cells due to defective receptors?

    <p>Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of disease might be treatable by gene therapy in the future, according to the text?

    <p><strong>Sickle cell disease</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the ability of our bodies to ward off diseases?

    <p>Pathogen resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of recombinant DNA, what is a potential agricultural use mentioned in the text?

    <p>Developing drought-resistant crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of biofilms mentioned in the text?

    <p>They may be beneficial or harmful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component of our resistance against diseases according to the text?

    <p>Neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of utilizing recombinant DNA techniques in fruits and vegetables?

    <p>Enhancing appearance and flavor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a potential benefit of biofilms mentioned in the text?

    <p>Protecting mucous membranes from harmful microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practical application of biotechnology is mentioned in the text?

    <p>Use of recombinant DNA techniques to produce common foods and chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder involves a missing or defective gene that can be potentially treated with gene therapy?

    <p>Duchenne's muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT directly related to the beneficial activities of microorganisms as discussed in the text?

    <p>LDL-receptor deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genetic disorders could potentially benefit from the use of enzymes produced by bacteria to break down toxins?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, which condition might theoretically benefit from a treatment approach similar to bioremediation using microbes?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the genetic disorders mentioned could potentially be impacted by gene therapy involving inserting a missing or replacing a defective gene?

    <p>Duchenne's muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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