30 Questions
What is considered the beginning of the contemporary era in world politics according to the text?
The end of the Cold War
Which two superpowers were dominant during the Cold War period?
United States and Soviet Union
What was the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) viewed as in relation to the superpowers according to the text?
A challenge to the dominance of the superpowers
What did non-aligned countries attempt to establish as mentioned in the text?
New International Economic Order (NIEO)
What is India's role in relation to the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) according to the text?
A founding member of NAM
What was the significance of the two major centres of power rising after the Second World War as mentioned in the text?
Resulted in a bipolar world order
What role did smaller states play in the context of the superpowers during the Cold War?
Acting as financial support for military expenses
How did the loyalty of allies benefit the superpowers during the Cold War?
It indicated ideological superiority
In what way did smaller states assist the superpowers in gaining access to territory?
By allowing troop deployment sites
Which aspect of smaller states' support assisted the superpowers in gaining access to vital resources like oil and minerals?
International alliances and trade agreements
During the Cold War, what was the significance of crises like the Cuban Missile Crisis?
They caused direct confrontations between superpowers
What differentiated the shooting wars during the Cold War from another world war?
They were short-lived and did not escalate globally
What was the name of the alliance system created by the United States in East and Southeast Asia, and in West Asia?
East Asian Treaty Organisation (EATO)
Which two countries did the Soviet Union and communist China have close relations with in response to the alliances built by the United States?
North Korea and Iraq
What event led to a brief war between communist China and the USSR in 1969?
Territorial dispute
Which movement provided newly independent countries a way of staying out of the Cold War alliances?
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
What was a major concern for many newly independent countries after gaining independence from colonial powers?
Loss of freedom
In what way did cracks and splits within alliances manifest during the Cold War era?
Ideological conflicts
What was the main reason for the fading of the NIEO initiative by the late 1980s?
Stiff opposition from developed countries
Which leader nationalized the Suez Canal, resulting in an international conflict in 1956?
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Who led the freedom struggle in Indonesia and organized the Bandung Conference?
Sukarno
What was Kwame Nkrumah's stance on neocolonialism?
Opposed neocolonialism
According to Nehru, what did nonalignment represent?
'Not a policy of fleeing away'
What was India's stance towards the two alliances during the Cold War?
Stayed away from them
What was the main objective of the New International Economic Order (NIEO) as proposed by the UNCTAD report in 1972?
Give LDCs control over their natural resources exploited by developed Western countries
How did the nature of nonalignment shift by the mid-1970s?
Economic issues became the most important focus
What was a key proposal in the UNCTAD report to make trade more beneficial for poorer countries?
Give LDCs access to Western markets for their products
What characterized the economic focus of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) by the mid-1970s?
It shifted its focus from social to economic issues
Why did LDCs want control over their natural resources according to the NIEO proposal?
To prevent their exploitation by Western countries
How did the NIEO aim to make technology more accessible to LDCs?
By reducing the cost of technology from Western countries
This chapter sets the stage for the book by discussing the Cold War era, focusing on the dominance of the United States and the Soviet Union. It examines how the Cold War shaped world politics and led to the contemporary era.
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