Chapter 1 Basic Concepts and Computer Evolution Quiz

Computer Components and Functions

• ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit, responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations within a computer.
• The component that stores data in a computer is known as memory, which may include various types such as RAM and hard drives.
• The Control Unit coordinates and manages the operations of the computer, directing data flow and instructing other components on what tasks to perform.
• System Interconnection, also known as buses, provides pathways for data communication between different components of a computer, ensuring efficient data transfer.
• The hierarchical nature of complex systems is essential for organizing components and facilitating systematic communication and operation across various levels.
• The function concerned with how components relate to one another is known as system architecture, which outlines the organization and interaction of components.
• Input/Output (I/O) function involves receiving data from devices such as keyboards or interfaces, or sending data to output devices like monitors and printers.
• The function that manages resource allocation and controls the performance of a computer's functional parts is known as the operating system.
• The Memory Buffer Register (MBR) contains data that is being transferred to or from memory, acting as a buffer to match the data flow rate between the CPU and other memory areas.
• The Instruction Register (IR) holds the current instruction being executed by the CPU, ensuring that the processor is aware of what operation to perform next.
• The main function of the Program Counter (PC) is to keep track of the address of the next instruction that is to be executed, facilitating the sequential execution of instructions.
• The purpose of the Accumulator (AC) is to hold intermediate results of arithmetic and logical operations, serving as a temporary storage location during processing.