Challenges of Physical Clocks in Distributed Systems

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What are the potential issues with NTP in time synchronization?

Network latency, misconfigurations, network disruptions, security vulnerabilities, clock drift

How does GPS provide time signals for clock adjustment?

Satellites transmit precise time signals that receivers use to adjust their clocks.

What is a major strength of using GPS as a time source?

Highly accurate due to atomic clocks on satellites.

What is a weakness of using GPS for time synchronization?

Relativistic effects causing time to run slightly faster on satellites.

How does network latency impact time synchronization in distributed systems?

Delays in communication can introduce inaccuracies in time synchronization.

What are the challenges with drift in physical clocks?

Physical clocks can drift over time, requiring periodic resynchronization.

How does NTP address potential security vulnerabilities in time synchronization?

Authentication mechanisms exist to secure time information.

What is the significance of leap seconds in UTC time?

Leap seconds are added to UTC to account for variations in the Earth's rotation.

Explain the concept of limited causality in distributed systems.

In distributed systems, events may occur in an order that is impossible to determine causally.

Why is NTP considered widely adopted in various systems?

It serves as a de facto standard for time synchronization.

Explore the challenges faced by physical clocks in distributed systems, including drift, geographical dispersion, and limited causality. Learn how logical clocks can help establish causal relationships between events independently of physical time.

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