Ch.4 Pulmonology Terms Flashcards

Terminology Related to Pulmonary System

• Phrenic: Refers to the nerve associated with the diaphragm, essential for breathing.

• Inspiration: The process of taking a breath, critical for oxygen intake.

• Respiration: The repetitive process of breathing, involving inhalation and exhalation.

• Respiratory: Pertains to the overall function and processes of breathing.

• Adenocarcinoma: A type of cancer that originates from glandular tissue.

• Bronchodilator: A medication that relaxes and widens the bronchial passages, improving airflow.

• Bronchopneumonia: A condition characterized by inflammation or infection affecting both the bronchi and lungs.

• Pneumococcal: Refers to infections in the lungs caused by spherical bacteria known as pneumococcus.

• Carboxyhemoglobin: A substance formed when carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood.

• Radiography: The technique of capturing chest x-rays for medical examinations.

• Spirometer: A device that measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled, used to assess lung function.

• Bronchoscopy: A procedure utilizing a scope to visually examine the bronchi.

• Chest Tube: A medical device employed to treat pneumothorax, facilitating air evacuation from the pleural space.

• Resuscitation: A medical intervention aimed at restoring breathing and blood circulation.

• Culture and Sensitivity: Laboratory tests that diagnose bacterial infections and determine effective antibiotics.

• Thoracotomy: A surgical procedure involving an incision into the chest.

• Intubation: Insertion of an endotracheal tube to maintain an open airway.

• Inhalation: Another term for inspiration; the act of drawing air into the lungs.

• Oxyhemoglobin: The form of hemoglobin that carries oxygen in red blood cells.

• Eupnea: The normal pattern of breathing, characterized by regular depth and rate.

• Asthmatic: Pertaining to asthma, a condition that causes breathing difficulties.

• Bronchitis: Inflammation or infection affecting the bronchi, often leading to cough.

• Pyothorax: The presence of pus within the thoracic cavity, indicating infection.

• Auscultation: The process of listening to lung sounds for diagnostic purposes.

• Cyanosis: A bluish discoloration of the skin, indicating insufficient oxygenation.

• Tracheostomy: A surgical procedure to create an opening in the trachea for ventilation.

• Hemoptysis: The coughing up of blood, often indicative of a serious condition.

• Pneumonectomy: The surgical removal of an entire lung.

• Stethoscope: A diagnostic instrument used by healthcare providers to listen to body sounds, particularly heart and lung.

• Bronchiectasis: A condition marked by dilation and damage of the bronchi, often due to chronic infection.

• Oximeter: A device used to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.

• Ventilator: A machine or device that assists or replaces spontaneous breathing.

• Laryngoscope: An instrument used to examine the larynx and vocal cords.

• Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura, membranes surrounding the lungs, causing chest pain.

• Pneumonia: An infection affecting the lungs, leading to respiratory distress.

• Anthracosis: The accumulation of coal dust in the lungs, often seen in miners.

• Thoracocentesis: A procedure involving the puncture of the thorax to remove fluid or air.

• Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing while lying flat, often relieved by sitting upright.

Test your knowledge of key terms related to pulmonology with these flashcards from Chapter 4. Each card provides a vocabulary word along with its specific definition, covering essential concepts in respiratory health. Perfect for students studying medicine or physiology.