Ch. 6 Conversions and Calculations Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is alligation?

A mathematical method of solving problems that involves the mixing of two solutions or two solids possessing different percentage weights to achieve a desired third strength.

What is the apothecary system?

A system of measurement once used in the practice of pharmacy to measure both volume and weight.

What does markup refer to?

Amount, usually a percentage, added to a wholesale price in order to make a profit.

What is a conversion factor?

<p>A fraction that is used for converting one unit to another without changing the value of the number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does volume refer to?

<p>Amount of liquid enclosed within a container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the retail price?

<p>Wholesale price plus markup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diluent?

<p>An inert product, either liquid or solid, that is added to a preparation to reduce the strength of the original product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is international time?

<p>24-hour method of keeping time in which hours are not distinguished between AM and PM but are counted continuously throughout the entire day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is drop factor?

<p>The size of drops coming through the tubing; measured in gtt (drops)/mL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does wholesale cost refer to?

<p>Purchase price of a product, which is then marked up for resale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the avoirdupois system?

<p>A system of measurement previously used in pharmacy for the determination of weight in ounces and pounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the household system?

<p>System of measurement commonly used in the US; measures volumes using household utensils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does dilution mean?

<p>The process of adding a diluent or solvent to a compound, resulting in a product of increased volume or weight and lower concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is drip rate?

<p>The number of drops (gtt) administered over a specific time via an intravenous infusion, for example, gtt/min.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the international system of units?

<p>System of measurement based in seven base units with prefixes that change units by multiples of 10.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does flow rate refer to?

<p>Amount of IV solution administered over a period of time, for example, mL/min, mL/hr, gtt/min.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the metric system?

<p>Approved system of measurement for pharmacy in the US based in multiples of 10.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ability to manipulate conversions is a required competency of pharmacy technicians.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Not all transactions and calculations need to be checked by a pharmacist.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A pharmacy technician can assume that a person understands the meaning of a measurement.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is important to place the proper units (mL, mg, or g) next to the number amount.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the most common errors made in pharmacy is placing a zero in front of a decimal.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A pharmacy technician should convert measurements to the metric system because it is the approved system of measurement for pharmacy in the US.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calculations should be checked at least three times before asking a pharmacist to check them.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pharmacy technician should show the parent of a pediatric patient how to measure the correct dosage.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you round off at each step of a calculation, your answer will be very accurate.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an IM dose is calculated to be greater than 5ml, an error has occurred in either the prescribed amount or the calculation.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

1 teaspoon equals how many mL?

<p>5 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mL stand for?

<p>milliliter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does L stand for?

<p>liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does g stand for?

<p>gram</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does m stand for?

<p>meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mcg stand for?

<p>micrograms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does kg stand for?

<p>kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

One tablespoon equals how many mL?

<p>15 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

One fluid ounce equals how many mL?

<p>30 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

One pint equals how many mL?

<p>480 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Alligation

  • A method for mixing two solutions or solids with different percentages to reach a desired strength.

Apothecary System

  • Measurement system used historically in pharmacy for volume and weight.

Markup

  • The percentage added to wholesale prices to determine profit margin.

Conversion Factor

  • A mathematical fraction used to change one unit into another without altering the value.

Volume

  • The space occupied by a liquid within a container.

Retail Price

  • Calculated as the wholesale price plus markup.

Dilutent

  • An inert substance added to reduce the strength of a preparation.

International Time

  • A 24-hour clock format where hours count continuously, not distinguishing between AM and PM.

Drop Factor

  • Indicates the size of drops from intravenous tubing, expressed as gtt/mL.

Wholesale Cost

  • The price at which a product, especially medicine, is purchased before markup for resale.

Avoirdupois System

  • Measurement system for weight based on ounces and pounds, previously used in pharmacy.

Household System

  • Common US measurement system that uses household items for measuring volumes.

Dilution

  • The process of increasing volume or weight while reducing concentration by adding a dilutent or solvent.

Drip Rate

  • Number of drops administered over a specific time period (gtt/min) in intravenous infusions.

International System of Units

  • Measurement system based on seven base units and multiples of 10, derived from French Système International.

Flow Rate

  • Rate at which IV solution is administered, expressed in mL/min, mL/hr, or gtt/min.

Metric System

  • The standardized system of measurement for US pharmacy, based on multiples of 10.

True or False Statements

  • Manipulating conversions is essential for pharmacy technicians. (True)
  • Not all transactions need verification by a pharmacist. (False)
  • Assuming patients understand measurement meanings is appropriate. (False)
  • Proper units (mL, mg, g) must always accompany numerical amounts. (True)
  • Common pharmacy errors include incorrect decimal placements. (False)
  • Conversion to the metric system is advisable for pharmacy technicians. (True)
  • Calculations should be verified multiple times before pharmacist review. (True)
  • Instructing caregivers on measuring dosages correctly is unnecessary. (False)
  • Rounding at each calculation step leads to accuracy. (False)
  • An IM dose exceeding 5 mL indicates a potential error. (True)

Measurement Abbreviations

  • 5 mL: Equivalent to 1 teaspoon.
  • mL: Milliliter.
  • L: Liter.
  • g: Gram.
  • m: Meter.
  • mcg: Microgram.
  • kg: Kilogram.
  • 15 mL: Equivalent to 1 tablespoon.
  • 30 mL: Equivalent to 1 fluid ounce.
  • 480 mL: Equivalent to 1 pint.

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Description

This quiz covers key terms and definitions related to conversions and calculations in mathematics, particularly focusing on mixed solutions and measurement systems. Learn important concepts like alligation and the apothecary system to enhance your understanding and problem-solving skills.

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