Ch. 4 Relational Databases and Enterprise Systems

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Questions and Answers

What is a Database?

A method for organizing financial records

A collection of logically related data for various uses (correct)

A type of software used for data processing

A set of related tables

What do hierarchical data models organize?

Data into a tree-like structure

What is the network data model?

A flexible model representing objects and their relationships

What does the relational data model store information in?

Related two-dimensional tables Signup and view all the answers

What does a Database Management System (DBMS) do?

Creates, modifies, and queries the database Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a data dictionary?

Describes the data fields in each database record Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a Database Administrator?

Responsible for the design, implementation, repair, and security of a firm's database Signup and view all the answers

What are attributes in a database context?

Characteristics, properties, or adjectives that describe classes Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary key?

An attribute that uniquely identifies a specific row in a table Signup and view all the answers

What is a foreign key?

An attribute in one table that is a primary key in another table Signup and view all the answers

The entity integrity rule states that the primary key of a table can be null.

False Signup and view all the answers

The referential integrity rule allows a foreign key value to be null.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic building block of a database?

Table Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a query in a database?

To retrieve and display data from the database Signup and view all the answers

What do forms used in a database allow users to do?

Enter data into tables and view existing records Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of reports in a database?

Integrate data from queries and tables to provide information Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pages in a database?

Allow data to be entered in real time from outside the database system Signup and view all the answers

What are macros defined by users in a database?

Automate processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of modules in Microsoft Access?

Allow Access's code to be altered Signup and view all the answers

What is SQL?

A computer language designed to retrieve data from a relational database Signup and view all the answers

What is an Enterprise System (ES)?

A centralized database that collects data from throughout the firm Signup and view all the answers

How is a class defined in a relational database model?

As a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored Signup and view all the answers

SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft all offer products for enterprise systems.

True Signup and view all the answers

Refer to figure 4.2. What should be changed if Steve's Stylin' Sunglasses accepts installments without requiring a down payment?

Sales (1...1)-(0...*) Cash Receipts Signup and view all the answers

What does the FROM clause in the SELECT statement used in SQL indicate?

The name of the tables from which to retrieve data Signup and view all the answers

What does the WHERE clause in SQL define?

The criteria that must be met to be shown in the query result Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Order by ASC' mean?

Ascending Signup and view all the answers

What does the ORDER clause in SQL indicate?

Which columns to sort Signup and view all the answers

Which tables are included in customer subscription data?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of customer attributes?

Customer ID, Customer last name, Customer address Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of sales attributes?

Invoice #, Customer #, Sales person ID. Signup and view all the answers

Which SAP modules are available for implementation?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is cloud computing?

Internet-based computing providing shared resources on demand Signup and view all the answers

What is a valid primary key for the cash receipt table?

Cash receipt number Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a table in Microsoft Access?

Store data Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Database Concepts

A database is a collection of logically related data used for various purposes.
Hierarchical data models structure data in a tree format, enabling a 1:N (one to many) relationship through defined parent/child connections.
Network data model allows complex relationships by supporting many-to-many associations among objects.

Relational Database

The relational data model organizes data into two-dimensional tables, significantly reducing information redundancy and is widely used due to its flexibility and scalability.
A database management system (DBMS) is a program for creating, modifying, and querying databases, facilitating efficient storage and retrieval of information.

Key Database Elements

A data dictionary outlines characteristics of each database field, including descriptions, lengths, and types.
A database administrator oversees the database's design, implementation, maintenance, and security.
Attributes are properties that describe the classes in a database.

Keys in Databases

The primary key is a unique identifier for each row in a table, with the first attribute marked with a key symbol in Microsoft Access.
A foreign key links two tables together, representing the primary key from another table, crucial for establishing many-to-many relationships.
Entity integrity rule mandates that a primary key should not contain null values.
Referential integrity rule states that a foreign key must match a primary key from the corresponding table or be null.

Database Structure

The table is the fundamental structure within a database.
A query retrieves and displays data from records, answering specific questions or calculations.
Forms help users input data into tables and view existing records, while reports compile integrated data for decision-making without allowing edits.

Data Management Tools

Pages enable real-time data entry from outside the database system.
Macros automate repetitive tasks or processes defined by users.
Modules allow alterations to Access's underlying code and can include built-in features.

Query Language

Structured Query Language (SQL) is designed for data retrieval from relational databases, based on principles of relational algebra.

Enterprise Systems

An enterprise system (ES) centralizes data collection from various organizational departments, integrating and automating critical business processes across the value chain.
Major ES vendors include SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft, offering integrated software solutions that utilize the relational data model with primary and foreign keys.

Database Design and Functionality

A class in a relational database typically represents a person, place, thing, transaction, or event with stored information.
Valid primary keys for various tables ensure each record's uniqueness (e.g., cash receipt number for cash receipt tables).
In SQL, the FROM clause specifies tables for data retrieval, while the WHERE clause sets criteria for displayed results. The ORDER clause determines which columns to sort, and "Order by ASC" indicates ascending order.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing refers to internet-based resources where software and information are shared and accessed on demand.

Example Attributes

Customer attributes might include Customer ID, last name, and address, while sales attributes could encompass Invoice number, Customer number, and Salesperson ID.
SAP offers various modules for implementation such as Financial Accounting, Payroll, and Sales and Distribution.

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Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 4 on Relational Databases and Enterprise Systems. This quiz covers definitions and models like database structures and data relationships. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of database fundamentals.