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Questions and Answers
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
1 L
An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:
An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:
body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C).
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.
Bleeding from the nose following head trauma is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.
True (A)
Capillaries link the arterioles and the:
Capillaries link the arterioles and the:
Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:
Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:
External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:
External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:
Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
Hypoperfusion is another name for:
Hypoperfusion is another name for:
Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:
In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:
In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be:
In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be:
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by:
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by:
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:
Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as the:
Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as the:
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume.
The ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is MOST related to:
The ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is MOST related to:
The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT:
The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT:
Which of the following body systems or components is the LEAST critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?
Which of the following body systems or components is the LEAST critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?
Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 to 3 hours?
Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for up to 2 to 3 hours?
Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?
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Study Notes
Bleeding and Its Effects
- A fractured femur can lead to the loss of 1 L or more of blood into the thigh's soft tissues.
- Hypoperfusion, or shock, is another term used when the body experiences inadequate perfusion, often due to low fluid volume.
- The body's organisms can better resist damage from hypoperfusion at temperatures below 98.6°F (37.0°C).
Symptoms and Indicators
- Dizziness upon standing is an early indicator of internal bleeding in non-trauma patients.
- In older patients, weakness or dizziness may be the first sign of nontraumatic internal bleeding.
- Initial signs of intra-abdominal bleeding may include pain and distention.
- Hematemeisis, or vomiting blood, indicates possible gastrointestinal bleeding.
Types of Bleeding
- External bleeding from veins is easier to control due to their lower pressure compared to arteries.
- Intracranial bleeding can be signaled by blood from the nose following head trauma, indicative of a skull fracture.
- Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is primarily controlled by splinting the affected limb.
Control Measures
- Most external bleeding from extremities can generally be managed by applying local direct pressure.
- The air splint is appropriate for open fractures with external bleeding.
Vital Signs and Physiological Responses
- Significant changes in vital signs occur when an adult loses more than 20% of total blood volume.
- The cardiovascular system's ability to adjust for blood loss is closely tied to the rate of bleeding.
Organ Tolerance and System Importance
- Skeletal muscle is capable of withstanding inadequate perfusion for up to 2 to 3 hours.
- The least critical body component for maintaining adequate blood flow is the spleen, which primarily filters blood cells rather than directly supplying perfusion.
Clinical Considerations
- The severity of bleeding should not be gauged solely on systolic blood pressure but must consider other signs and findings for a comprehensive evaluation.
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