Ch. 2 Freud Classical Psychoanalysis
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Questions and Answers

What is psychoanalysis?

  • A form of exercise
  • A type of medication
  • A physical therapy technique
  • Freud's theory and its application in therapy (correct)
  • What does conscious refer to?

    Aware; cognizant; mental processes of which a person is aware.

    What is preconscious?

    Mental content of which a person is currently unaware but that can readily be made conscious.

    What does unconscious mean?

    <p>Mental processes of which a person is unaware.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are individual differences in Freudian theory?

    <p>People differ in their ego defense mechanisms, which control the expression of primitive forces in personality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does adaption and adjustment mean in Freudian theory?

    <p>Mental health involves the ability to love and to work; psychoanalysis provides a method for overcoming unconscious psychological conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cognitive processes in Freudian theory?

    <p>Conscious experience often cannot be trusted because of distortions produced by unconscious defense mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does culture play in Freudian theory?

    <p>All societies deal with universal human conflicts and lead to repressions of individual desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are biological influences in Freudian theory?

    <p>Psychiatric symptoms are explained in psychodynamic terms instead of biological terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of development in Freudian theory?

    <p>Experience in the first 5 years is critical for personality formation; adult personality changes very little.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is psychic determinism?

    <p>Freud became convinced that unconscious forces have the power to influence behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conversion hysteria?

    <p>A form of neurosis in which psychological conflicts are expressed in physical symptoms without actual physical damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is glove anesthesia?

    <p>No sensation of touch or pain on the hand in the area a glove would cover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hypnosis?

    <p>An individual experiences a highly suggestible state, a trance, influenced by a hypnotist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is posthypnotic suggestion?

    <p>The hypnotist suggests that a particular action or experience will occur when the hypnotic trance ends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is neodissociation theory?

    <p>Hilgard's theory stating that hypnosis is a state of consciousness that is divided into two or more simultaneous parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is psychosis?

    <p>An extreme form of mental disorder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do dreams play in Freudian theory?

    <p>Dreams are praised as 'the royal road to the unconscious'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is manifest content in a dream?

    <p>The surface meaning of a dream; details of the recalled dream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is latent content in a dream?

    <p>The hidden, unconscious meaning of a dream revealed by interpreting dream symbols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dream interpretation?

    <p>The process of inferring the unconscious wishes disguised in the dream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Freudian slip?

    <p>A psychologically motivated error in speech, hearing, behavior, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is condensation in dream analysis?

    <p>Two or more images are combined to form an image that merges the meanings and impulses of both.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a projective test?

    <p>A test that presents ambiguous stimuli such as inkblots or pictures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is repression?

    <p>A basic defense mechanism that keeps threatening material in the unconscious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the id?

    <p>The most primitive structure of personality; the source of psychic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ego?

    <p>The most mature structure of personality; mediates between the id and reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychoanalysis Concepts

    • Psychoanalysis is Freud's foundational theory addressing mental processes and therapy.
    • Mental processes can be categorized into conscious (awareness), preconscious (unaware but accessible), and unconscious (totally unaware).

    Personality and Differences

    • Individuals exhibit variations in ego defense mechanisms, impacting how primitive drives manifest in personality.
    • Mental health, according to Freud, relies on one's capacity to love and work, with psychoanalysis facilitating the resolution of unconscious conflicts.

    Cognitive Processes

    • Conscious experiences are often unreliable due to distortions caused by unconscious defense mechanisms.

    Cultural Context

    • Societal structures address universal human conflicts and suppress personal desires, with traditional religion acting as a communal defense mechanism.

    Biological Considerations

    • Psychiatric symptoms are viewed through a psychodynamic lens rather than a biological one, attributing personality formation to biological drives, especially sexual motivation.

    Developmental Insights

    • The first five years of life significantly influence personality development, with key conflicts (oral, anal, phallic) shaping adult characteristics.

    Key Theoretical Constructs

    • Psychic determinism posits that unconscious forces significantly influence behavior and decision-making.
    • Conversion hysteria manifests as physical symptoms stemming from psychological issues without organic cause.

    Hypnosis and Memory

    • Hypnosis instills a highly suggestible state where a hypnotist's suggestions heavily impact experiences and recall.
    • Posthypnotic suggestion involves a hypnotist instructing a subject to perform an act after the trance concludes.

    Theories on Consciousness

    • Neodissociation theory by Ernest Hilgard suggests hypnosis splits consciousness, creating barriers that can lead to amnesia.

    Dream Analysis

    • Dreams serve as a pathway to the unconscious, where suppressed thoughts and desires emerge symbolically, helping protect the dreamer from anxiety.
    • Manifest content refers to the literal storyline of a dream, while latent content reveals its unconscious significance.

    Methods and Techniques

    • Dream interpretation aims to decode unconscious wishes hidden within dreams.
    • Freudian slips are unintended errors in speech or behavior reflecting underlying motivations and tensions.

    Psychological Mechanisms

    • Condensation combines multiple images into a single one, merging meanings and impulses.
    • Projective tests like inkblots solicit responses that reveal unconscious thoughts and feelings.
    • Repression acts as a primary defense mechanism, relegating threatening thoughts to the unconscious to mitigate anxiety.

    Structural Model of Personality

    • The id is the most basic personality structure, driven by primitive instincts and desires (libido).
    • The ego emerges as a more sophisticated structure, navigating reality and mediating the demands of the id.

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    Description

    Explore key terms from Chapter 2 of Freud's theory on classical psychoanalysis. This quiz features essential vocabulary that underpins the concepts of conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mental processes. Test your understanding and enhance your knowledge of psychoanalytic theory.

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