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Questions and Answers
What is the intermediate host for Taenia solium?
What is the intermediate host for Taenia solium?
What is the disease caused by the ingestion of eggs of Taenia solium?
What is the disease caused by the ingestion of eggs of Taenia solium?
What is the treatment for neurocysticercosis?
What is the treatment for neurocysticercosis?
What is the deficiency caused by Diphyllobothrium latum?
What is the deficiency caused by Diphyllobothrium latum?
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What is the characteristic of Diphyllobothrium latum?
What is the characteristic of Diphyllobothrium latum?
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What is the name of the tapeworm that causes Echinococcus granulosus?
What is the name of the tapeworm that causes Echinococcus granulosus?
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What is the characteristic of Taenia saginatum?
What is the characteristic of Taenia saginatum?
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What happens when cysts rupture during removal?
What happens when cysts rupture during removal?
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What is the name of the disease caused by ingestion of larvae?
What is the name of the disease caused by ingestion of larvae?
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What is a complication of Cysticercosis in the digestive system?
What is a complication of Cysticercosis in the digestive system?
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How is Cysticercosis typically detected?
How is Cysticercosis typically detected?
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What is the name of the disease caused by ingesting eggs?
What is the name of the disease caused by ingesting eggs?
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What is the name of the reaction that occurs when larvae die in tissue?
What is the name of the reaction that occurs when larvae die in tissue?
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What is the name of the larval stage that lodges into tissue?
What is the name of the larval stage that lodges into tissue?
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What is a characteristic of the cysts in the liver on CT scans?
What is a characteristic of the cysts in the liver on CT scans?
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Study Notes
Cestodes: Tapeworms
- Tinnea Soleum and Sagginatum are two types of tapeworms.
- Intermediate hosts: pig for T. Solium and cow for Sagginatum.
- T. Solium has hooks on its proglottid heads, seen on O&P (Ova and Parasite) examination.
Neurocysticercosis
- Caused by ingestion of T. Solium eggs from contaminated water or food.
- Characterized by lesions in the brain, eyes, and skin, resembling Swiss cheese on MRI.
- Symptoms include seizures and those of hydrocephalus.
Treatment and Prevention
- Praziquantal is used to treat tapeworm infections.
- Abendazole is used to treat neurocysticercosis.
- Ingestion of eggs leads to cysticercosis, which can be prevented by avoiding contaminated food and water.
Diphyllobothrium Latum (Fish Tapeworm)
- Causes diarrhea and is associated with B12 deficiency, leading to megoblastic anemia.
- Cobalamin (B12) is essential to prevent anemia.
- Can grow up to 10 feet long, and proglottid segments are seen on stool O&P examination.
Echinococcus Granulosus
- Caused by ingestion of contaminated dog feces, leading to hydatid cysts.
- Sheep are intermediate hosts.
- Characterized by "eggshell calcifications" in the liver on CT.
- Rupture of cysts can cause anaphylaxis reaction, requiring injection with a solution to kill cysts before removal.
Taeniasis and Cysticercosis
- Taeniasis is asymptomatic and caused by ingestion of larvae.
- Cysticercosis is caused by ingestion of eggs, not larvae, and involves the development of extraintestinal encysted larval forms in various organs, most commonly the CNS.
- Complications include appendicitis, obstruction of bile and pancreatic ducts.
- Detected by stool sample, brain imaging, or anti-cysticercal antibodies.
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