Cervical Vertebra Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

The cruciate ligament of axis attaches to which part of the cervical vertebra?

  • Pharyngeal tubercle of the occipital bone
  • Superior articular processes of the second cervical vertebra
  • Body of the second cervical vertebra
  • Superior articular processes of the first cervical vertebra (correct)
  • Body of the first cervical vertebra (C1 lacks body)

    • Which of the following statements is false?

  • The ischiocavernosus muscles force blood from the bulb into the body of the erect penis
  • The two bulbospongiosus muscles are associated mainly with the bulbs of the vestibule in women
  • The bulbospongiosus muscles force blood into the more distal regions of the erect penis
  • In men, the bulbospongiosus muscles is responsible for the pulsatile emission of semen (correct)
  • All of the above are true

    • Which of the following statements is false?

  • The pudendal nerve originates from the sacral plexus and carries fibers from levels S2 to S4
  • The pudendal nerve leaves the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen (correct)
  • The pudendal nerve travels along the medial wall of the ischioanal fossa
  • The inferior rectal nerve is a general sensory nerve for the skin of the anal triangle
  • All of the above are true

    • Which of the following statements is false?

    <p>The fibers that stimulate erection are parasympathetic from pelvic splanchnic nerve from spinal cord levels of S1 to S4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is false?

    <p>The inferior rectal arteries anastomose with the superior mesenteric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding the length of the descending colon is true?

    <p>It is 25 cm long</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement concerning the hypoglossal nerve is false?

    <p>All of the above are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following triangles is not limited by the omohyoid muscle?

    <p>The supraclavicular triangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ansa cervicalis supplies:

    <p>The omohyoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The subclavian artery:

    <p>The right artery is longer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery doesn’t arise from the thyrocervical trunk?

    <p>The suprascapular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Right lymphatic duct doesn’t drain:

    <p>The upper part of thorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true?

    <p>The palmaris longus muscle is supplied by the ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle tendons passes the 5th compartment of the extensor retinaculum?

    <p>The extensor carpi ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning the long thoracic nerve is true?

    <p>Originates only from the anterior rami of C5 and C6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning the femoral nerve is false?

    <p>Supplies the popliteus muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning the medial plantar nerve is false?

    <p>Supplies the quadratus plantae muscle (by lateral plantar n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the lateral cutaneous nerve of the leg?

    <p>Is a branch of the common peroneal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the tibial nerve?

    <p>Supplies the soleus muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anatomy of the Head and Neck

    • The cruciate ligament of axis attaches to the body of the second cervical vertebra.
    • The palatine bone is involved in the formation of the floor of the orbit, nasal cavity, and pterygopalatine fossa.
    • The mandible limits the infratemporal fossa laterally.

    Cranium and Face

    • The upper surface of the sphenoid bone features the spina ethmoidalis, anterior clinoid process, and rostrum sphenoidalis.
    • The wall of the orbital fossa is formed by the maxilla, palatine, sphenoid, and ethmoidal bones.

    Upper Limb

    • The muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve include the first dorsal interosseous muscle, first lumbrical muscle, and thumb abductor.
    • The branches of the musculocutaneous nerve include the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, which innervates the skin of the lateral side of the forearm.

    Lower Limb

    • Within the popliteal fossa, the popliteal artery divides into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries, and the popliteal artery lies superficial to the popliteal vein.
    • The femoral artery gives rise to the superficial epigastric artery, external iliac artery, and circumflex femoral artery.

    Larynx

    • The rima glottidis is limited by the vocal folds and arytenoid cartilage.
    • The larynx atrium (upper part of the laryngeal cavity) ends at the height of the vestibular folds, is limited by the quadrangular membrane, and connects to the pharynx.

    Abdomen

    • The thyroid gland is vascularized by the branches of the external carotid artery and thyrocervical trunk.
    • Within the laryngopharynx, the piriformis recess (fossa) is present.

    Pelvis

    • The superficial inguinal ring is limited by the falx inguinalis (inguinal ligament) and the transverse abdominal muscle aponeurosis.
    • The left ureter runs retroperitoneally and crosses the testicular (ovarian) artery from the back.

    Nervous System

    • The arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm arise from the connection of both crura of the diaphragm.
    • The secretory pathway for the lacrimal gland contains the superior salivary nucleus, greater petrosal nerve, and chorda tympani.
    • The roots of the pterygopalatine ganglion include the auriculotemporal nerve, lesser petrosal nerve, and deep petrosal nerve.

    Other

    • The myocardium consists of the chamber muscle, whirl of the heart, and fibrosal skeleton of the heart.
    • The uterine artery arises from the internal iliac artery and gives off the middle sacral artery.
    • The branches of the descending aorta include the coronary arteries, bronchial arteries, and intercostal arteries.### Brain and Nervous System
    • The central sulcus separates primary sensory and motoric areas
    • The calcar avis lies within the posterior horn laterally
    • The brain stem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
    • The lentiform nucleus consists of the putamen and globus pallidus
    • The epithalamus includes the pineal body, medial geniculate body, lateral geniculate body, and mammilary body

    Ear and Auditory System

    • The auditive tube connects the tympanic cavity with the pharynx

    Heart and Blood Vessels

    • The posterior mediastinum contains the descending aorta
    • The coronary sulcus separates the atria from the ventricles and contains the right coronary artery, middle cardiac vein, and coronary sinus
    • The right atrium consists of papillary muscles within the auricle
    • The opening of the coronary sinus is within the posterior wall
    • The foramen of the superior vena cava is within the superior wall
    • The hemiazygos accessory vein drains the 7th to 11th intercostal spaces and usually ends within the 7th intercostal space
    • The 7th right intercostal space is supplied by the anterior intercostal artery, a direct branch of the musculophrenic artery
    • In the normal position of the heart in situ, the left border is made largely by the left atrium, the right margin is made largely by big vessels, the superior border is formed by the right and left atria and great vessels, and the inferior border is made largely by the right ventricle

    Respiratory System

    • The respiratory bronchi divide into terminal bronchi, which then divide into respiratory bronchi

    Nerves and Muscles

    • The hypoglossal nerve contains motoric fibers only for the tongue and crosses the external carotid artery
    • The ansa cervicalis supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle, omohyoid, and digastrics
    • The subclavian artery is divided into three parts by the scalene muscles, with the left artery being longer
    • The thyrocervical trunk gives off the suprascapular, transverse cervical, and ascending cervical arteries

    Lymphatic System

    • The right lymphatic duct drains the head, neck, upper limb, and upper part of the thorax on the right side

    Upper Limb

    • The palmaris longus muscle is supplied by the median nerve
    • The extensor digiti minimi tendon passes through the 5th compartment of the extensor retinaculum
    • The long thoracic nerve originates from the anterior rami of C5, C6, and C7

    Lower Limb

    • The femoral nerve supplies the hip joint, pectineus muscle, and quadriceps femoris muscle
    • The medial plantar nerve supplies the flexor digitorum brevis, first lumbrical, and flexor hallucis brevis muscles
    • The lateral cutaneous nerve of the leg is a branch of the lumbar plexus and supplies the skin on the lateral aspect of the leg
    • The tibial nerve arises in the upper third of the leg, supplies the soleus muscle, and innervates the ankle joint

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    Learn about the attachment of the cruciate ligament of axis in the cervical vertebra. Test your knowledge of human anatomy with this quiz!

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