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Cervical Spine Anatomy
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Cervical Spine Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

How many vertebrae make up the cervical spine?

  • 8
  • 6
  • 7 (correct)
  • 5
  • Which cervical vertebra is ring-shaped and supports the head?

  • C3
  • C1 (correct)
  • C2
  • C7
  • What type of joints are the facet joints between vertebrae?

  • Gliding joints (correct)
  • Pivot joints
  • Hinge joints
  • Ball-and-socket joints
  • Which muscle performs lateral flexion of the neck?

    <p>Levator scapulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common injury resulting from rapid flexion and extension of the neck?

    <p>Whiplash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments run along the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs?

    <p>Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cervical vertebra has a large spinous process and is visible at the base of the neck?

    <p>C7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause nerve compression and pain in the neck?

    <p>Herniated discs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cervical Spine Anatomy

    • The cervical spine consists of 7 vertebrae (C1-C7) that make up the neck region.
    • It is a complex and highly mobile region, allowing for a wide range of motion.

    Cervical Vertebrae

    • C1 (atlas): ring-shaped, supports the head, and allows for flexion and rotation.
    • C2 (axis): permits rotation of the head, and has a dens that acts as a pivot point.
    • C3-C6: typical cervical vertebrae, with a vertebral body, pedicles, and transverse processes.
    • C7 (vertebra prominens): has a large spinous process and is visible at the base of the neck.

    Ligaments and Joints

    • Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments: run along the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs.
    • Intervertebral discs: absorb shock and provide flexibility between vertebrae.
    • Facet joints: gliding joints between vertebrae that allow for flexion, extension, and rotation.
    • Atlanto-occipital joint: connects the atlas to the occipital bone, allowing for flexion and extension.

    Muscles and Movement

    • Flexion: performed by the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.
    • Extension: performed by the trapezius and splenius capitis muscles.
    • Rotation: performed by the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.
    • Lateral flexion: performed by the scalene and levator scapulae muscles.

    Clinical Relevance

    • Herniated discs: can cause nerve compression and pain.
    • Spondylosis: degenerative changes in the spine can lead to pain and stiffness.
    • Whiplash: a common injury resulting from rapid flexion and extension of the neck.
    • Spinal cord injuries: can result from trauma or disease, and can have serious consequences.

    Cervical Spine Anatomy

    • The cervical spine consists of 7 vertebrae (C1-C7) that form the neck region and allow for a wide range of motion.

    Cervical Vertebrae

    • C1 (atlas) is ring-shaped and supports the head, allowing for flexion and rotation.
    • C2 (axis) permits rotation of the head and has a dens that acts as a pivot point.
    • C3-C6 are typical cervical vertebrae, with a vertebral body, pedicles, and transverse processes.
    • C7 (vertebra prominens) has a large spinous process and is visible at the base of the neck.

    Ligaments and Joints

    • Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments run along the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, providing stability.
    • Intervertebral discs absorb shock and provide flexibility between vertebrae.
    • Facet joints are gliding joints between vertebrae that allow for flexion, extension, and rotation.
    • The atlanto-occipital joint connects the atlas to the occipital bone, enabling flexion and extension.

    Muscles and Movement

    • Flexion of the neck is performed by the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.
    • Extension of the neck is performed by the trapezius and splenius capitis muscles.
    • Rotation of the neck is performed by the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.
    • Lateral flexion of the neck is performed by the scalene and levator scapulae muscles.

    Clinical Relevance

    • Herniated discs can cause nerve compression and pain.
    • Spondylosis is a degenerative change in the spine that can lead to pain and stiffness.
    • Whiplash is a common injury resulting from rapid flexion and extension of the neck.
    • Spinal cord injuries can result from trauma or disease and can have serious consequences.

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    Description

    Learn about the structure and function of the cervical spine, including the 7 vertebrae and their characteristics.

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