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Cervical Facet Syndrome: Anatomy and Pathophysiology
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Cervical Facet Syndrome: Anatomy and Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

What part of the anatomy is primarily involved in Cervical Facet Syndrome?

  • Thoracic spine
  • Lumbar spine
  • Sacral spine
  • Cervical spine (correct)

    • Which of the following nerves are highlighted in the illustration of Cervical Facet Syndrome?

  • Cranial nerves
  • Thoracic nerves
  • Lumbar nerves
  • Cervical nerves (correct)

    • What is a common feature depicted in illustrations of Cervical Facet Syndrome?

  • Disc herniation in the thoracic spine
  • Nerves emerging from the cervical spine (correct)
  • Muscle spasms in the sacral area
  • Inflamed ligaments in the lumbar region

    • What pathological feature is most associated with Cervical Facet Syndrome?

    <p>Inflammation of the cervical facet joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an image illustrating Cervical Facet Syndrome, which anatomical structures are likely to be emphasized?

    <p>Cervical intervertebral discs and facet joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cervical vertebrae is predominantly responsible for the rotation of the head?

    <p>C2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the facet joints in the cervical spine?

    <p>Provide stability and facilitate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a likely consequence of the degeneration of facet joints?

    <p>Increased flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Facet joint degeneration commonly occurs in which region of the spine?

    <p>Cervical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the degeneration of facet joints primarily affect the spine?

    <p>Disrupts spinal stability and movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific type of pain is associated with the posterior c-spine region?

    <p>Posterior c-spine neck pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement limitations are noted during activities of daily living (ADLs) with this clinical presentation?

    <p>Limited cervical AROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can become a chronic condition?

    <p>Posterior c-spine neck pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which movements is posterior c-spine neck pain noted?

    <p>C-spine extension and/or rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may cause difficulty with grasping activities?

    <p>Radicular signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fracture is indicated by a break in the spinous process of a cervical vertebra?

    <p>Fracture of the spinous process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cervical spine is most likely to experience a compression fracture?

    <p>Vertebral body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient has a fracture in the vertebral body of the cervical spine, what type of fracture might this be?

    <p>Compression fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific type of fracture involves the vertebral body in the cervical spine?

    <p>Compression fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fracture type is not commonly associated with the cervical spine?

    <p>Humerus fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause for a cervical vertebra fracture?

    <p>Falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is least likely to be associated with cervical vertebra fractures?

    <p>Minor abrasions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pathological condition could directly result in a cervical vertebra fracture?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of trauma is most commonly associated with cervical vertebra fractures?

    <p>High-impact sports injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Falls can cause fractures in which part of the vertebral column?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fractures typically require surgical fusion with HALO immobilization?

    <p>C1-C2 fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of surgical fusion at a cervical spine level?

    <p>Instability at levels above and below the fused segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary diagnostic imaging method mentioned for assessing spinal issues?

    <p>X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surgical procedure is used for repairing fractures of the vertebral body?

    <p>Vertebroplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might surgical cervical fusion with bracing be required for certain C-spine segments?

    <p>To stabilize the spine after a fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as an impairment in the clinical presentation?

    <p>Limited AROM during ADLs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition could directly cause decreased ROM?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which impairment is most likely to affect a person's ability to perform daily activities involving lifting objects?

    <p>Decreased muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct impact of decreased muscle length on physical function?

    <p>Decreased range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Limitation in which aspect is specifically mentioned as impacting activities of daily living (ADLs)?

    <p>Limited AROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration for immobilization following surgery?

    <p>6-12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is recommended for the upper extremities (UE) while braced post-surgery?

    <p>Open chain exercises to 90 degrees at shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can stretching, range of motion, and strengthening exercises for the cervical spine be introduced?

    <p>Once bracing and spine precautions are discontinued</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of restriction for spine precautions post-surgery?

    <p>6-8 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of therapeutic exercises are recommended for the lower extremities (LE) while braced?

    <p>Therapeutic exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is permitted for patients under spine precautions?

    <p>Log rolling for bed mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which position should be avoided post-operatively according to the spine precautions?

    <p>Prone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific movement is restricted to prevent stress on the spine post-operatively?

    <p>Forward flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should be avoided especially for patients with lumbar spinal precautions?

    <p>Crossing legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following restrictions is NOT included in post-operative spine precautions?

    <p>No log rolling for bed mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cervical Facet Syndrome

    • Degeneration of facet joints in the cervical spine causes pain and stiffness
    • Facet joints are located in the back of the spine and provide stability and movement

    Clinical Presentation

    • Pain in the posterior cervical spine area
    • Pain worsens with cervical spine extension and/or rotation
    • Can become a chronic pain condition
    • Posterior neck stiffness
    • May have radicular signs (e.g. numbness, tingling, or weakness in arms or legs)
    • Limited cervical active range of motion (AROM) during daily activities
    • Difficulty with grasping if radicular signs are present

    Fractures

    • Fracture of the vertebral body (compression fracture)
    • Fracture of the spinous process
    • Fracture of any part of cervical vertebrae due to falls, trauma, or pathological conditions

    Clinical Presentation (Fractures)

    • Pain
    • Decreased muscle length
    • Decreased muscle strength
    • Decreased ROM
    • Limited AROM during daily activities

    Medical Management

    • Diagnostic imaging: X-ray
    • Surgical procedures:
      • Unstable fractures require surgical stabilization
      • C1 or C2 fractures require surgical fusion plus immobilization with HALO
      • Other C-spine segments with fracture may require surgical cervical fusion with bracing
    • Vertebroplasty may be used to repair vertebral body fractures

    Post-Operative Management

    • Immobilization for 6-12 weeks
    • Patient education regarding spine precautions and duration of restriction (6-8 weeks)
    • Therapeutic exercises for lower extremities while braced
    • Open chain therapeutic exercises of upper extremities to 90 degrees at shoulder
    • Introduce stretching, ROM, strengthening, and modalities of C-spine after bracing and spine precautions are discontinued
    • Patients follow spine precautions to avoid exacerbating the condition

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    Description

    Understand the pathophysiology of cervical facet syndrome through an illustration of the neck and its nerves. Learn about the anatomy of the cervical spine and its relation to this condition.

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