Cerebral Palsy Overview and Risks #1

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Questions and Answers

What symptom is characteristic of Spastic Cerebral Palsy in the lower limbs?

Equinovarus foot posture (correct)

Tremors in the hands and arms

Unsteady gait with frequent falls

Limitation in fine motor skills of the hands

Which of the following describes a patient with Ataxic Cerebral Palsy?

Demonstrates unsteady and shaky movements (correct)

Displays excessive muscle tone in arms and legs

Has difficulty with fine motor tasks like writing

Exhibits scissoring of the thighs

Which motor skill is typically affected by Spastic CP in individuals?

Jumping rope

Swimming efficiently

Throwing a ball

Walking and running (correct)

Which term best describes the muscle control issues associated with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy?

Incoordination Signup and view all the answers

What essential aspect does Ataxic Cerebral Palsy affect in individuals?

Balance and coordination Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary factor influencing a child's motor performance?

The child's biological systems Signup and view all the answers

What is a common indicator of cerebral palsy in babies regarding head control?

Unable to hold up head in a supported sitting position Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Cerebral Palsy?

Permanent disorders of movement and posture from non-progressive brain disturbances Signup and view all the answers

What condition is primarily associated with damage to the white matter in the brain leading to motor function impairment?

Periventricular leukomalacia Signup and view all the answers

At what age should a child start to speak simple sentences to meet typical developmental milestones?

24 months Signup and view all the answers

What role do child-rearing practices play in motor performance?

They can lead to developmental delays Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the movement characteristic known as athetosis?

Slow, writhing movements Signup and view all the answers

What does the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) assess?

Gross motor function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to identifying atypical development?

Examining cognitive abilities extensively Signup and view all the answers

Which sign might indicate cerebral palsy by age 18 months?

Not walking yet Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motor skills is primarily assessed through tasks requiring precision and coordination?

Fine motor skills Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the significance of the APGAR score?

It assesses the newborn's immediate physical condition Signup and view all the answers

A child displaying poor muscle control and delayed development at 6 months may be showing signs of what condition?

Cerebral palsy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main risk factor for Intraventricular hemorrhage in newborns?

Preterm birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT typically be assessed as part of the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS)?

Physical growth metrics Signup and view all the answers

What might be a significant concern for a child who shows a preference for using one side of their body?

Possibility of cerebral palsy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a group of permanent disorders that affect movement and posture, causing activity limitations.
The disorders are caused by non-progressive disturbances in the developing brain.
The Australian Cerebral Palsy Register Report (2013) tracks births from 1993 to 2006.

Cerebral Palsy Risks

Premature neonatal brain is susceptible to intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).

Intraventricular Haemorrhage (IVH)

Bleeding into the ventricles of the brain.
Occurs due to underdeveloped periventricular blood vessels in premature infants.
Severity of IVH increases risk of Cerebral palsy.

Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL)

Brain damage that affects white matter, causing cell death.
White matter sends nerve impulses to control motor function.
Approximately 60-100% of babies with PVL will be diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral Palsy Signs (Babies)

Low muscle tone
Unable to hold up head
Muscle spasms or stiffness
Poor muscle control, reflexes and posture
Delayed development
Feeding or swallowing difficulties
Prefer one side of the body

Cerebral Palsy Signs (Young Children)

Not walking by 18 months
Not speaking simple sentences by 24 months

Cerebral Palsy Severity

Cerebral Palsy can be classified by gross motor function, manual ability and communication.
Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)
Manual Ability Classification System (MACS)
Communication Function Classification System (CFCS)

Cerebral Palsy Associated Impairments
- Learning difficulties
- Speech and language difficulties
- Seizures
- Vision problems
- Hearing problems
- Feeding problems

Spastic Cerebral Palsy

‘Hypertonia’ or ‘increased muscle tone’
Affects upper and lower limbs.

Upper Limbs

Flexion at the elbow
Flexion at the wrist
Flexion at the fingers

Lower Limbs

Flexion at the hip
Adduction or ‘scissoring’ of the thighs
Flexion at the knees
Equinovarus foot posture
Spasticity in the upper limbs can cause difficulties with hand tasks:
- Getting dressed
- Washing and toileting
- Eating and drinking
- Writing
- Manipulating objects.
Spasticity in the lower limbs can cause difficulties with:
Standing upright
Sitting upright
Transfers
Moving and repositioning in bed
Walking and running

Ataxic Cerebral Palsy

‘Without order’ or ‘coordination’
Unsteady, shaky movements or tremor.
Difficulties maintaining balance.

Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy
Trouble controlling muscle movement.
Twisting, abrupt movements.

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Description

Explore the complexities of cerebral palsy, including its causes, risk factors, and signs in infants. Understand how conditions like intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia contribute to this disorder. This quiz delves into crucial information on tracking and diagnosis.