33 Questions
What is one of the main objectives of neuroscience?
To decline the different stages of emotional and cognitive functions
Who is credited with the discovery of the existence of the neuronal genesis of synapses in 1894?
Ramon Y Cajal
What is the term for the memory that is inherited from our species and influences our instinctual behavior?
Phylétique memory
What is the main function of phylétique memory in humans?
To serve survival, reproduction, and interpretation of sensory stimuli
What is the term for the process by which synaptic connections can increase their efficiency of transmission?
Hebbian learning
In which organism did Kandel study to confirm Hebb's hypothesis?
Aplysia
What is the purpose of functional cerebral imaging?
To observe brain activity during cognitive processes
What was the discovery that led to the development of functional localization?
Phrenology by J.Gall
What is the effect of stress on the hippocampus?
Decrease in the number of granular cells
Who is credited with dividing the brain into 52 areas?
Brodmann
What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in memory retrieval?
More involved in semantic encoding than episodic encoding
What was the first neuroimaging technique developed?
EEG
What is the consequence of prolonged stress on neurons?
Neuronal death
Why is it important to localize brain function?
To associate cognitive models with brain activity measurements
What is the name of the model that describes the neural basis of memory?
HERA model
What type of information is processed in the hippocampus?
Both semantic and episodic information
When did the development of IRMf take place?
1990
What is the purpose of using radioactive tracers in medical imaging?
To track glucose consumption by cells
What is the advantage of using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over positron emission tomography (PET)?
fMRI is less expensive
What is the principle behind functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
Detection of changes in magnetic properties of hydrogen protons
What is the main application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in research?
Study of sleep patterns
What is the advantage of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) over functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
NIRS is more portable and easier to use
What is the principle behind near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)?
Detection of changes in infrared light absorption
What is the application of positron emission tomography (PET) in clinical practice?
Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
What is the limitation of positron emission tomography (PET)?
All of the above
What is the advantage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over computed tomography (CT) scans?
MRI does not use ionizing radiation
What is the type of data obtained from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
Functional data
What happens to brain activity in older adults, according to Cabeza's model?
Less activity in the prefrontal cortex, but more bilateral frontal activity
What type of memory do Alzheimer's patients have difficulty accessing?
Episodic memory
What is the role of the hippocampus, according to Squire's model?
Involved in the formation of new memories
What is the benefit of multisensory integration, according to Stein and Meredith's study?
A 100% increase in neural activity
Where does multisensory integration occur, according to Stein and Meredith's study?
In the superior colliculus
What type of neurons are involved in multisensory integration, according to Stein and Meredith's study?
Multimodal neurons
Learn about the importance of cerebral functional imaging, observing brain activity, and associating cognitive models with brain activity measures. This quiz also covers the role of imaging in diagnosing certain pathologies and its impact on the relationship between psychology and neuroscience.
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