Cerebral Angiography Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of cerebral angiography?

  • To visualize the cerebral blood vessels (correct)
  • To assess mental health conditions
  • To measure brain activity
  • To monitor brain tumor growth

    • What does digital subtraction angiography accomplish during the procedure?

  • Detects brain tumors directly
  • Enhances the visibility of surrounding tissues
  • Hides bones and tissues from the images (correct)
  • Provides color imaging of blood vessels

    • Which of the following should be assessed in the client prior to the procedure?

  • Previous surgeries
  • Family history of heart disease
  • Presence of renal function (correct)
  • Dietary preferences

    • What is a common effect experienced by clients immediately following the dye injection?

    <p>A metallic taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of medication may be administered before the procedure if a patient has a history of contrast media allergies?

    <p>Steroid or antihistamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consideration for clients undergoing cerebral angiography?

    <p>Pregnant clients should weigh risks to the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What post-procedure action is crucial for monitoring after cerebral angiography?

    <p>Monitor the arterial entry site for clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is a catheter typically placed during cerebral angiography?

    <p>Into an artery in the groin or neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of a CT scan in the context of cerebral imaging?

    <p>To provide cross-sectional images of the cranial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to assess a client's allergy history before administering contrast media?

    <p>To evaluate the risk of a severe allergic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should be given to a client regarding food and fluids prior to a CT scan?

    <p>They should refrain from food or fluids for at least 4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must clients do to prepare for a CT scan in terms of clothing?

    <p>Change into a hospital gown to avoid metal interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the CT scan, what should be ensured regarding the client's position?

    <p>The client must lie supine with head stabilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason EEGs are performed?

    <p>To identify and determine seizure activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prior to an EEG procedure, which of the following actions is NOT recommended?

    <p>Taking stimulant medications as prescribed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should clients expect during the EEG procedure?

    <p>They will lie on a bed while electrodes are placed on their scalp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the duration of the EEG procedure?

    <p>It generally takes 45 to 120 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After the EEG procedure, what is one of the recommended post-procedure instructions for clients?

    <p>Resume normal activities and routine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15 indicate?

    <p>Full consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which score on the verbal response scale indicates incoherent conversation and disorientation?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the scoring range for the eye opening component of the GCS?

    <p>1 to 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Glasgow Coma Scale, what does a motor response score of 2 indicate?

    <p>Decerebrate posture is present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a GCS score less than 8?

    <p>Associated with severe head injury and coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are GCS scores adapted for patients who are intubated?

    <p>Report as two separate scores with a modification noted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a total GCS score of 10 indicate regarding a client's level of consciousness?

    <p>Moderate impairment of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which response corresponds to a motor response score of 4 in the GCS?

    <p>Decorticate posture is present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for performing a lumbar puncture?

    <p>To detect diseases and infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which position is recommended for a client to optimize the lumbar puncture procedure?

    <p>Lying on side in a fetal position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be discussed with the client prior to a lumbar puncture?

    <p>Risks versus benefits of the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of a lumbar puncture in clients with increased intracranial pressure?

    <p>Brain herniation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing action is prioritized after a lumbar puncture procedure?

    <p>Monitor vital signs and neurological status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the purposes of measuring the opening pressure during a lumbar puncture?

    <p>To assess potential increased pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What post-procedure action can help reduce the risk of a headache caused by CSF leakage?

    <p>Encouraging fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient situation would raise concern for bleeding complications during a lumbar puncture?

    <p>Patient taking anticoagulants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using MRI scans over CT scans?

    <p>MRI scans avoid radiation exposure, making them safer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before an MRI scan, what type of items must be removed from the client?

    <p>All metal objects including jewelry and hair accessories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should a nurse take preprocedure for a client undergoing an MRI?

    <p>Explain the tight spaces and noise associated with the procedure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might earplugs or sedation be provided during an MRI scan?

    <p>To help the client remain calm and reduce anxiety about the noise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be monitored if contrast media is injected during the MRI procedure?

    <p>The site for clotting and any allergic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clients should not undergo an MRI scan?

    <p>A client with a regular surgical clip.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key responsibility of nursing staff during the intraprocedure phase of an MRI?

    <p>To ensure the client is positioned without any movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which client behavior may indicate a need for additional support during the MRI procedure?

    <p>The client expresses feelings of claustrophobia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a PET scan during medical imaging?

    <p>To measure regional metabolic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is typically injected into the bloodstream prior to a PET scan?

    <p>A glucose-based tracer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assessed in a client prior to undergoing a PET/SPECT scan?

    <p>History of diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected duration for the breakdown of the glucose-based tracer used in PET scans?

    <p>Less than 2 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the nursing responsibilities after a PET/SPECT scan?

    <p>Assess for allergic reactions if radioisotopes were used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines the contrast in the x-ray image?

    <p>The amount of radiation absorbed by the tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be confirmed regarding the client before performing an x-ray procedure?

    <p>The client is pregnant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the postprocedure care for x-ray examinations?

    <p>No specific postprocedure care is required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of performing x-ray examinations of the skull and spine?

    <p>To reveal fractures and other bone damages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the x-ray procedure, what is expected from the client?

    <p>To remain still during the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cerebral Angiography

    • Purpose: Visualizes cerebral blood vessels
    • Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA): Hides surrounding tissues, showcasing only vessels in x-rays
    • Procedure Focus: Detects defects, narrowing, or blockages in brain blood vessels
    • Location: Radiology department due to contrast dye injection
    • Indications: Assess blood flow, identify aneurysms, evaluate tumor vascularity, and potentially treat blood clots or deliver chemotherapy.

    Pre-Procedure Considerations

    • Pregnancy: Risks to fetus vs. benefits must be considered.
    • Dietary Restrictions: Fasting for at least 6 hours; some allow clear fluids until procedure.
    • Allergies: Assess for contrast media allergies, and consider preemptive steroids/antihistamines.
    • Bleeding/Anticoagulants: Patients with a history of bleeding or taking blood thinners require extra monitoring and precaution post-procedure to manage clotting.
    • Kidney Function: Assess BUN and creatinine to evaluate the kidney's ability to process and eliminate dye.
    • Relaxation: Mild sedative may be offered. Continuous vital sign monitoring is required.

    Procedure Steps

    • Positioning: Client lies on a radiography table with head secured.
    • Catheter Insertion: Catheter inserted into an artery (groin or neck)
    • Dye Injection & Imaging: Contrast dye is injected, and x-rays are taken to capture blood flow.
    • Catheter Removal & Closure: Catheter removal is followed by pressure or a device to stop bleeding, and seal the artery.

    Post-Procedure Considerations

    • Clotting Monitoring: Closely monitor the insertion site for clotting.
    • Movement Restrictions: Movement may be limited to prevent rebleeding at the catheter site.
    • Neurological Assessments: Frequent neuro assessments and vital signs monitoring post procedure
    • Cold Compress: Apply ice pack to insertion site.
    • Hydration: Encourage fluids to hasten dye excretion.

    Complications

    • Bleeding: Risk of bleeding or hematoma formation at the catheter insertion site.
    • Monitoring: Frequent checks of the artery insertion site area, and assessments of the affected extremity distal to the puncture site for circulation (color, temperature, pulses, capillary refill).
    • Intervention: Apply pressure over the artery; consult the provider if significant bleeding occurs.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essentials of cerebral angiography, including its purpose, procedure, and important pre-procedure considerations. Learn about Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) and the protocols necessary to ensure patient safety and effective imaging of brain blood vessels.

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