Ceramics

Applications and Processing of Ceramics

Ceramics are compounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements with ionic or predominantly ionic inter-atomic bonds.
Ceramics exhibit physical properties that differ from those of metallic materials and complement them in service.
Ceramics are classified as traditional ceramics (made from clay, silica, and feldspar) or engineering ceramics (made from highly pure compounds of Al2O3, SiC, and Si3N4).
Glasses are a familiar group of ceramics containing non-crystalline silicates with specific responses to heating.
Clay products include structural products (bricks, tiles, sewer pipes) and white-wares (porcelain, chinaware, pottery, etc.).
Refractories are ceramics that withstand high temperatures and severe environments without melting or decomposing.
Abrasive ceramics are used to grind, wear, or cut away other materials and require hardness, wear resistance, and refractoriness.
Advanced ceramics have newly developed electrical, magnetic, and optical properties for specific applications.
Ceramic powders are processed through milling/grinding, shaping, and consolidation (sintering or firing) to obtain the final product.
Ceramic powder shaping techniques include compaction, tape casting, slip casting, injection molding, extrusion/hydro-plastic forming.
Ceramic powder sintering is the firing process applied to green ceramics to increase its strength and densify it.
Ceramics are known for their corrosion resistance due to their chemical inertness in corrosive environments.Challenges in Using Ceramics as Corrosion Resistant Structural Materials
Ceramics are prone to chemical dissolution rather than electrochemical corrosion.
Ceramics can degrade rapidly in certain environments.
There is a need for reliable and corrosion-resistant structural ceramic materials.
Beta-alumina is being investigated for high energy battery systems.
SiC and composites are being investigated for use in heat exchangers.
Ceramics are more environmentally stable than metals or plastics.
The potential for ceramics as corrosion-resistant structural materials is not fully realized.
One challenge is the mechanical non-reliability of structural ceramic components.
Ceramic components can be brittle and prone to fracture.
Ceramic composites can offer improved mechanical properties.
Research is ongoing to develop more reliable and durable ceramic materials.
Overcoming these challenges could lead to expanded use of ceramics in aggressive environments.

Applications and Processing of Ceramics

Ceramics are compounds between metallic and nonmetallic elements with ionic or predominantly ionic inter-atomic bonds.
Ceramics exhibit physical properties that differ from those of metallic materials and complement them in service.
Ceramics are classified as traditional ceramics (made from clay, silica, and feldspar) or engineering ceramics (made from highly pure compounds of Al2O3, SiC, and Si3N4).
Glasses are a familiar group of ceramics containing non-crystalline silicates with specific responses to heating.
Clay products include structural products (bricks, tiles, sewer pipes) and white-wares (porcelain, chinaware, pottery, etc.).
Refractories are ceramics that withstand high temperatures and severe environments without melting or decomposing.
Abrasive ceramics are used to grind, wear, or cut away other materials and require hardness, wear resistance, and refractoriness.
Advanced ceramics have newly developed electrical, magnetic, and optical properties for specific applications.
Ceramic powders are processed through milling/grinding, shaping, and consolidation (sintering or firing) to obtain the final product.
Ceramic powder shaping techniques include compaction, tape casting, slip casting, injection molding, extrusion/hydro-plastic forming.
Ceramic powder sintering is the firing process applied to green ceramics to increase its strength and densify it.
Ceramics are known for their corrosion resistance due to their chemical inertness in corrosive environments.Challenges in Using Ceramics as Corrosion Resistant Structural Materials
Ceramics are prone to chemical dissolution rather than electrochemical corrosion.
Ceramics can degrade rapidly in certain environments.
There is a need for reliable and corrosion-resistant structural ceramic materials.
Beta-alumina is being investigated for high energy battery systems.
SiC and composites are being investigated for use in heat exchangers.
Ceramics are more environmentally stable than metals or plastics.
The potential for ceramics as corrosion-resistant structural materials is not fully realized.
One challenge is the mechanical non-reliability of structural ceramic components.
Ceramic components can be brittle and prone to fracture.
Ceramic composites can offer improved mechanical properties.
Research is ongoing to develop more reliable and durable ceramic materials.
Overcoming these challenges could lead to expanded use of ceramics in aggressive environments.