Cephalosporins Drug Classes Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are some examples of first generation cephalosporins?

cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefazolin

What are some examples of second generation cephalosporins?

cefprozil, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefotetan

What are some examples of third generation cephalosporins that are taken orally?

cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, cefpodoxime proxetil

What are some examples of third generation cephalosporins that are administered parenterally?

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a fourth generation cephalosporin?

cefepime Signup and view all the answers

What is ceftaroline fosamil?

Teflaro, a 5th generation cephalosporin Signup and view all the answers

Do you need to know the brand names of cephalosporins?

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefalexin?

Keflex Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefadroxil?

Duricef Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefazolin?

Ancef Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefprozil?

Cefzil Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefaclor?

Ceclor Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefuroxime?

Kefurox Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefuroxime axetil?

Ceftin Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefoxitin?

Mefoxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefotetan?

Cefotan Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefdinir?

Omnicef Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefixime?

Suprax Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of ceftibuten?

Cedax Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefpodoxime proxetil?

Vantin Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of ceftriaxone?

Rocephin Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefotaxime?

Claforan Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of ceftazidime?

Fortaz, Tazicef, Tazodime Signup and view all the answers

What is the brand name of cefepime?

Maxipime Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cephalosporins Overview

Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics categorized into generations based on their spectrum of activity.
Each generation typically offers improved resistance to beta-lactamases and an expanded spectrum against Gram-negative bacteria.

First Generation Cephalosporins

Includes cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefazolin (IV), and cephradine.
Effective predominantly against Gram-positive bacteria.

Second Generation Cephalosporins

Comprises cefprozil, cefaclor, cefuroxime (oral and IV), cefoxitin, cefotetan, and loracarbef.
Offers additional Gram-negative coverage compared to first generation.

Third Generation Cephalosporins - Oral

Consists of cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, and cefpodoxime proxetil.
Provides broader Gram-negative activity, including coverage for some resistant strains.

Third Generation Cephalosporins - Parenteral

Contains ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime.
Typically used to treat severe infections due to their enhanced activity against resistant organisms.

Fourth Generation Cephalosporin

The single member is cefepime.
Offers robust activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Fifth Generation Cephalosporins

Includes ceftaroline fosamil (IV) and candidate drug ceftobiprole.
Primarily effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

General Notes

Only generic names and the corresponding class are required for examinations; brand names are not necessary.
Familiarity with the brand names can aid in understanding but is not essential for classification.

Generic and Brand Name Associations

Cephalexin - Brand: Keflex
Cefadroxil - Brand: Duricef
Cefazolin - Brand: Ancef (IV)
Cefprozil - Brand: Cefzil
Cefaclor - Brand: Ceclor
Cefuroxime - Brand: Kefurox (IV)
Cefuroxime axetil - Brand: Ceftin
Cefoxitin - Brand: Mefoxin (IV cephamycin)
Cefotetan - Brand: Cefotan (IV cephamycin)
Cefdinir - Brand: Omnicef
Cefixime - Brand: Suprax
Ceftibuten - Brand: Cedax
Cefpodoxime proxetil - Brand: Vantin
Ceftriaxone - Brand: Rocephin (IV)
Cefotaxime - Brand: Claforan (IV)
Ceftazidime - Brands: Fortaz, Tazicef, Tazodime (IV)
Cefepime - Brand: Maxipime (IV)

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Description

Test your knowledge of cephalosporins with these flashcards covering the different generations of these antibiotics. Each card features definitions and examples for first, second, and third generation cephalosporins. Ideal for pharmacy students and medical professionals.