Questions and Answers
What are some examples of first generation cephalosporins?
cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefazolin
What are some examples of second generation cephalosporins?
cefprozil, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefotetan
What are some examples of third generation cephalosporins that are taken orally?
cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, cefpodoxime proxetil
What are some examples of third generation cephalosporins that are administered parenterally?
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What is an example of a fourth generation cephalosporin?
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What is ceftaroline fosamil?
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Do you need to know the brand names of cephalosporins?
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What is the brand name of cefalexin?
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What is the brand name of cefadroxil?
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What is the brand name of cefazolin?
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What is the brand name of cefprozil?
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What is the brand name of cefaclor?
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What is the brand name of cefuroxime?
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What is the brand name of cefuroxime axetil?
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What is the brand name of cefoxitin?
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What is the brand name of cefotetan?
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What is the brand name of cefdinir?
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What is the brand name of cefixime?
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What is the brand name of ceftibuten?
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What is the brand name of cefpodoxime proxetil?
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What is the brand name of ceftriaxone?
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What is the brand name of cefotaxime?
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What is the brand name of ceftazidime?
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What is the brand name of cefepime?
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Study Notes
Cephalosporins Overview
- Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics categorized into generations based on their spectrum of activity.
- Each generation typically offers improved resistance to beta-lactamases and an expanded spectrum against Gram-negative bacteria.
First Generation Cephalosporins
- Includes cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefazolin (IV), and cephradine.
- Effective predominantly against Gram-positive bacteria.
Second Generation Cephalosporins
- Comprises cefprozil, cefaclor, cefuroxime (oral and IV), cefoxitin, cefotetan, and loracarbef.
- Offers additional Gram-negative coverage compared to first generation.
Third Generation Cephalosporins - Oral
- Consists of cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten, and cefpodoxime proxetil.
- Provides broader Gram-negative activity, including coverage for some resistant strains.
Third Generation Cephalosporins - Parenteral
- Contains ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime.
- Typically used to treat severe infections due to their enhanced activity against resistant organisms.
Fourth Generation Cephalosporin
- The single member is cefepime.
- Offers robust activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Fifth Generation Cephalosporins
- Includes ceftaroline fosamil (IV) and candidate drug ceftobiprole.
- Primarily effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
General Notes
- Only generic names and the corresponding class are required for examinations; brand names are not necessary.
- Familiarity with the brand names can aid in understanding but is not essential for classification.
Generic and Brand Name Associations
- Cephalexin - Brand: Keflex
- Cefadroxil - Brand: Duricef
- Cefazolin - Brand: Ancef (IV)
- Cefprozil - Brand: Cefzil
- Cefaclor - Brand: Ceclor
- Cefuroxime - Brand: Kefurox (IV)
- Cefuroxime axetil - Brand: Ceftin
- Cefoxitin - Brand: Mefoxin (IV cephamycin)
- Cefotetan - Brand: Cefotan (IV cephamycin)
- Cefdinir - Brand: Omnicef
- Cefixime - Brand: Suprax
- Ceftibuten - Brand: Cedax
- Cefpodoxime proxetil - Brand: Vantin
- Ceftriaxone - Brand: Rocephin (IV)
- Cefotaxime - Brand: Claforan (IV)
- Ceftazidime - Brands: Fortaz, Tazicef, Tazodime (IV)
- Cefepime - Brand: Maxipime (IV)
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Description
Test your knowledge of cephalosporins with these flashcards covering the different generations of these antibiotics. Each card features definitions and examples for first, second, and third generation cephalosporins. Ideal for pharmacy students and medical professionals.
