Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the genetic code in protein synthesis?

  • It provides the instructions for building proteins from amino acids.
  • It determines the shape and function of proteins.
  • It dictates the order in which amino acids are added to a polypeptide chain.
  • All of the above. (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a component of the genetic code?

  • Phosphates (correct)
  • Nucleotides
  • Amino acids
  • Codons

    • How many nucleotides make up a codon?

  • 2
  • 4
  • 1
  • 3 (correct)

    • What is the role of the initiation codon in protein synthesis?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between DNA and RNA in the context of transcription?

    <p>DNA contains thymine, while RNA contains uracil. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between genes and DNA?

    <p>Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific proteins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process directly involves the genetic code table?

    <p>Translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a polypeptide and a protein?

    <p>Polypeptides are linear chains of amino acids, while proteins are functional three-dimensional structures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step of the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

    <p>DNA makes an identical copy of itself. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules serves as the template during transcription?

    <p>DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the pyrimidine bases present in DNA?

    <p>C, T (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of translation, what is produced?

    <p>Proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is not part of the Central Dogma process?

    <p>Cellular Respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of helicase in DNA replication?

    <p>To break the bonds between nitrogenous bases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides during DNA replication?

    <p>DNA Polymerase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does primase play in the replication process?

    <p>It synthesizes RNA primers for DNA Polymerase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the first step of DNA replication?

    <p>The two strands of DNA are separated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens after DNA Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides?

    <p>Ligase seals any gaps in the strands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does DNA replication occur within the cell?

    <p>In the nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step finalizes DNA replication?

    <p>Ligase sealing gaps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature of DNA did Watson and Crick describe?

    <p>Double helix resembling a twisted staircase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ligase after Okazaki fragments are formed?

    <p>To connect Okazaki fragments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the process of DNA replication?

    <p>It produces an identical copy of DNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

    • The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system
    • It outlines how information stored in DNA is converted into functional proteins
    • The main steps of the Central Dogma:
      • Replication: DNA makes an identical copy of itself
      • Transcription: DNA is transcribed into RNA
      • Translation: RNA is translated into proteins

    DNA vs. RNA

    • DNA:
      • Purines: Adenine (A), Guanine (G)
      • Pyrimidines: Cytosine (C), Thymine (T)
    • RNA:
      • Purines: Adenine (A), Guanine (G)
      • Pyrimidines: Cytosine (C), Uracil (U)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology, detailing the flow of genetic information in cells. This quiz covers crucial concepts such as replication, transcription, and translation, alongside a comparison of DNA and RNA structures. Challenge yourself to understand the fundamental processes of molecular biology!

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