Central Bank Interventions in Foreign Exchange Markets
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Questions and Answers

Which market is considered the largest trading market in the world?

  • Commodities market
  • Equities market
  • Global fixed-income market
  • Foreign exchange market (correct)

What is the approximate daily turnover of the foreign exchange market in 2019?

  • USD 6.6 trillion (correct)
  • USD 6.6 billion
  • USD 66 trillion
  • USD 66 billion

What are the primary determinants of short- to medium-term exchange rate movements?

  • International capital flows (correct)
  • Quoting mechanisms
  • Trade balance between countries
  • Pricing factors

What is the operating schedule of the foreign exchange market?

<p>24 hours a day, each business day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which entity is responsible for managing a country's foreign exchange reserves?

<p>Central banks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the rapid growth of foreign reserves held by Asian central banks?

<p>Large current account surpluses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the largest first-tier banks in the FX market sell side?

<p>They have a broad global client base (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs)?

<p>Promoting public policy objectives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the theory of purchasing power parity (PPP), what is the main reason for nominal exchange rates to adjust?

<p>To equalize the purchasing power of different currencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors that prevent the conditions required to enforce PPP from being satisfied?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Big Mac index produced by the Economist demonstrate?

<p>The relative price of a standardized hamburger in different countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the real exchange rate affect an individual's purchasing power?

<p>A higher real exchange rate decreases the individual's relative purchasing power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of the buy side consists of hedge funds, proprietary trading shops, and high-frequency algorithmic traders?

<p>Leveraged accounts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of the buy side includes investment funds managed by insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, and other institutional investors?

<p>Real money accounts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of the buy side consists of corporations that undertake FX transactions during cross-border purchases and sales of goods and services?

<p>Corporate accounts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of the buy side includes individuals trading for their own accounts as well as smaller hedge funds and other active traders?

<p>Retail accounts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the FX market in international trade and investment?

<p>The FX market facilitates trade in currencies and cross-border capital flows. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the exchange rate important for portfolio performance?

<p>The exchange rate determines the value of foreign-currency-denominated investments in terms of the domestic currency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an individual currency and an exchange rate?

<p>An individual currency can be held, while an exchange rate represents the price of one currency in terms of another. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the convention for identifying exchange rates using three-letter currency codes?

<p>The convention is to use the format 'A/B' to refer to the number of units of currency A that one unit of currency B will buy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between the nominal spot exchange rate and the real exchange rate?

<p>The nominal spot exchange rate and the real exchange rate move in opposite directions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of a higher real exchange rate on an individual's purchasing power?

<p>Higher real exchange rate decreases purchasing power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of real exchange rate indexes?

<p>To understand the international competitiveness of an economy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which market participants are referred to as the sell side in FX markets?

<p>FX trading banks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of market participants may access the professional FX market on equal terms with the dealing banks and effectively act as market makers?

<p>Hedge funds and other large players (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one important idea to draw from the categorization of market participants in the FX market?

<p>There is an extremely wide variety of FX market participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one function typically provided by sell-side banks in the FX market?

<p>Providing FX price quotes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of market participants may depend on the deep, competitive liquidity provided by the largest FX market participants?

<p>Tier-one banks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that may influence the trading motives and strategies of market participants in the FX market?

<p>Public policy motives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to analyze or predict movements in FX rates with any precision?

<p>The dynamic, complex interaction of market participants and their trading objectives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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