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Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary functions of cementum in the dental structure?
What is one of the primary functions of cementum in the dental structure?
- Anchorage of the teeth (correct)
- Protection against oral pathogens
- Nutrient absorption for the pulp
- Color pigmentation of teeth
Which statement accurately describes the growth characteristics of cementum?
Which statement accurately describes the growth characteristics of cementum?
- It only repairs itself when damaged by external factors.
- It decreases in thickness with aging.
- It continues to deposit and increase in hardness. (correct)
- It undergoes mineralization but not cellular adaptation.
What is NOT a clinical implication of cementum growth?
What is NOT a clinical implication of cementum growth?
- Ability to adapt to dental procedures
- Changes in cellular composition
- Increased susceptibility to caries (correct)
- Variation in the cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
Which type of cementum is primarily involved in the repair process following root damage?
Which type of cementum is primarily involved in the repair process following root damage?
What changes in composition occur during the continuous growth of cementum?
What changes in composition occur during the continuous growth of cementum?
What best defines hypercementosis in relation to cementum?
What best defines hypercementosis in relation to cementum?
What is the primary role of cementum in relation to the periodontium?
What is the primary role of cementum in relation to the periodontium?
Which of the following correctly describes acellular cementum?
Which of the following correctly describes acellular cementum?
What are the clinical implications of understanding cementum in dental health?
What are the clinical implications of understanding cementum in dental health?
Which type of cementum is generally found at the apex of the tooth roots?
Which type of cementum is generally found at the apex of the tooth roots?
How does the structure of cementum relate to its functions?
How does the structure of cementum relate to its functions?
In the analogy of a tooth and cementum as an ice-cream cone, what does the ice-cream represent?
In the analogy of a tooth and cementum as an ice-cream cone, what does the ice-cream represent?
What distinguishes cellular cementum from acellular cementum?
What distinguishes cellular cementum from acellular cementum?
What is the relationship between cementum and periodontal disease?
What is the relationship between cementum and periodontal disease?
Which statement is true regarding the distribution of cementum?
Which statement is true regarding the distribution of cementum?
What is the primary function of cellular cementum?
What is the primary function of cellular cementum?
Where is cellular intrinsic fiber cementum predominantly located?
Where is cellular intrinsic fiber cementum predominantly located?
Which characteristic is specifically true about cellular mixed stratified cementum?
Which characteristic is specifically true about cellular mixed stratified cementum?
Which of the following statements about cementocytes is accurate?
Which of the following statements about cementocytes is accurate?
What happens to cellular cementum over time due to occlusal wear?
What happens to cellular cementum over time due to occlusal wear?
Which statement correctly identifies a feature of cellular mixed stratified cementum?
Which statement correctly identifies a feature of cellular mixed stratified cementum?
In what scenario is cellular intrinsic fiber cementum often absent?
In what scenario is cellular intrinsic fiber cementum often absent?
What role do cementocytes play in the structure of cellular cementum?
What role do cementocytes play in the structure of cellular cementum?
Which type of cementum is primarily responsible for compensating for tooth movement following extractions?
Which type of cementum is primarily responsible for compensating for tooth movement following extractions?
What cellular adaptation occurs in reaction to occlusal wear over time?
What cellular adaptation occurs in reaction to occlusal wear over time?
What is the primary inorganic component of cementum?
What is the primary inorganic component of cementum?
What is the critical pH at which hydroxyapatite in cementum starts to dissolve?
What is the critical pH at which hydroxyapatite in cementum starts to dissolve?
Which type of collagen fibers are primarily found in the organic content of cementum?
Which type of collagen fibers are primarily found in the organic content of cementum?
Which type of cementum is characterized by the absence of cells?
Which type of cementum is characterized by the absence of cells?
What type of fibers primarily contribute to the structure of acellular cementum?
What type of fibers primarily contribute to the structure of acellular cementum?
Where is acellular cementum primarily located on the tooth root?
Where is acellular cementum primarily located on the tooth root?
What characterizes secondary cementum in relation to its formation?
What characterizes secondary cementum in relation to its formation?
What is the primary role of non-collagenous matrix proteins in cementum?
What is the primary role of non-collagenous matrix proteins in cementum?
What type of cementum forms first during tooth development?
What type of cementum forms first during tooth development?
Which of the following structures is adjacent to acellular cementum?
Which of the following structures is adjacent to acellular cementum?
What is the anatomical repair capability of cellular cementum primarily focused on?
What is the anatomical repair capability of cellular cementum primarily focused on?
Which type of cementum is primarily found towards the cervical region of the roots?
Which type of cementum is primarily found towards the cervical region of the roots?
What primarily causes the variation in the relationship at the cementum-enamel junction among different teeth?
What primarily causes the variation in the relationship at the cementum-enamel junction among different teeth?
What is the primary characteristic of hypercementosis?
What is the primary characteristic of hypercementosis?
Which factor is a potential systemic cause of hypercementosis?
Which factor is a potential systemic cause of hypercementosis?
Which anatomical location shows a two-step increase in cementum thickness?
Which anatomical location shows a two-step increase in cementum thickness?
Which aspect of cellular cementum's functional repair is crucial in periodontal disease healing?
Which aspect of cellular cementum's functional repair is crucial in periodontal disease healing?
What explains the difference in cementum thickness between molar and incisor teeth?
What explains the difference in cementum thickness between molar and incisor teeth?
What is the primary reason for the potential asymptomatic nature of hypercementosis?
What is the primary reason for the potential asymptomatic nature of hypercementosis?
Study Notes
Cementum Composition and Structure
- Cementum is a specialized, calcified connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth.
- The composition of Cementum is approximately 45-50% hydroxyapatite crystals and 50-55% organic content.
- Organic components include collagen fibers (mainly type I), minor quantities of other types III, V, VI, XII, and XIV, non-collagenous matrix proteins and water.
- The critical pH for hydroxyapatite crystals in cementum is 6.7, below this pH, these crystals can dissolve.
Two Types of Cementum
- Acellular Cementum:
- Also known as primary cementum.
- Covers the cervical and middle third of the root.
- Forms first during tooth eruption and continues after eruption.
- Contains extrinsic collagen fibers and non-collagenous matrix proteins.
- Does not contain cells.
- Cellular Cementum:
- Found in the apical third of the roots and inter-radicular regions of posterior teeth.
- Contains cementocytes, cells embedded in the cementum matrix during deposition.
- Can be further categorized into two types:
- Cellular Intrinsic Fiber Cementum (CIFC): Contains intrinsic fibers that are embedded within the cementum.
- Cellular Mixed Stratified Cementum (CMSC): A subcategory of CIFC that contains both intrinsic and extrinsic fibers.
Functions of Cementum
- Anchorage: Securely attaches the tooth to the alveolar bone through the periodontal ligament.
- Support: Provides structural support for the tooth.
- Adaption: Allows reshaping of the root to adjust for tooth movement.
- Repair: Facilitates repair of resorbed or fractured root surfaces.
- Occlusal Wear Compensation: Deposition of cementum at the apex helps maintain occlusion and compensate for wear. This process is more pronounced in posterior teeth due to heavier occlusal loads.
Clinical Significance
- Hypercementosis: Excessive deposition of cementum at the apex resulting in thicker roots. Can be caused by local factors (trauma, inflammation), systemic factors (Paget's disease), or unknown causes (idiopathic). May affect single or multiple teeth, and usually asymptomatic. Can complicate tooth extraction.
Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ)
- The relationship of the CEJ can vary between teeth and even within the same tooth.
- The CEJ can be characterized as:
- Overlap: Cementum overlaps enamel. (60-65%)
- Gap: Gap between cementum and enamel. (10%)
- Meet: Cementum and enamel meet. (25-30%)
Cementogenesis
- Cementum formation (cementogenesis) is a continuous process throughout life.
- The thickness, hardness, and mineral content of cementum increase with age.
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Description
Explore the fascinating composition and structure of cementum, a connective tissue that covers the roots of teeth. Learn about the two main types: acellular and cellular cementum, and their unique characteristics. This quiz delves into the essential elements and functions of this important dental tissue.
