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Questions and Answers
Clays are typically older surface deposits.
Clays are typically older surface deposits.
False
Limestone deposits are primarily extracted by bench mining using explosives.
Limestone deposits are primarily extracted by bench mining using explosives.
True
Marl and chalk require extensive blasting for extraction.
Marl and chalk require extensive blasting for extraction.
False
Front end loaders are used for excavating clay and shale.
Front end loaders are used for excavating clay and shale.
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Underground mining of limestone is a common practice in the U.S.
Underground mining of limestone is a common practice in the U.S.
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Aluminous cements are primarily used for their low cost and general applications.
Aluminous cements are primarily used for their low cost and general applications.
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The main chemical compound required to produce cement clinker is Iron Oxide (Fe2O3).
The main chemical compound required to produce cement clinker is Iron Oxide (Fe2O3).
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Fly ash is a by-product of burning finely ground coal.
Fly ash is a by-product of burning finely ground coal.
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The ideal composition of cement rock includes 77 to 78% CaCO3.
The ideal composition of cement rock includes 77 to 78% CaCO3.
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Marble is a type of argillaceous mineral used to produce alumina and silica.
Marble is a type of argillaceous mineral used to produce alumina and silica.
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The primary source of CaCO3 in the cement industry is sedimentary deposits of marine origin.
The primary source of CaCO3 in the cement industry is sedimentary deposits of marine origin.
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Clinker compounds in Type I Portland cement primarily include Clay and shale.
Clinker compounds in Type I Portland cement primarily include Clay and shale.
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Argillaceous minerals can include diaspore and diatomite as sources of alumina and silica.
Argillaceous minerals can include diaspore and diatomite as sources of alumina and silica.
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Cement is a crystalline compound of calcium silicates and has hydraulic properties.
Cement is a crystalline compound of calcium silicates and has hydraulic properties.
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The Romans are known for their use of pozzolan-lime cement by mixing volcanic ash with sand.
The Romans are known for their use of pozzolan-lime cement by mixing volcanic ash with sand.
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Joseph Aspdin invented Portland cement in 1824.
Joseph Aspdin invented Portland cement in 1824.
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Natural cements are superior to Portland cements and are widely used in modern construction.
Natural cements are superior to Portland cements and are widely used in modern construction.
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Portland cement is likely to face overall shortages in the future.
Portland cement is likely to face overall shortages in the future.
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Hydraulic cements only harden when exposed to air.
Hydraulic cements only harden when exposed to air.
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Blended cements consist of Portland cement mixed with supplementary cementitious materials.
Blended cements consist of Portland cement mixed with supplementary cementitious materials.
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Cement raw materials are subject to exhaustion on an individual company basis.
Cement raw materials are subject to exhaustion on an individual company basis.
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Pozzolanic materials develop hydraulic properties when mixed with portland cement only.
Pozzolanic materials develop hydraulic properties when mixed with portland cement only.
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The references for cement and its materials include various editions of Industrial Minerals and Rocks.
The references for cement and its materials include various editions of Industrial Minerals and Rocks.
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Limestone is a rare resource for cement production.
Limestone is a rare resource for cement production.
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Portland-limestone cements contain ground limestone as a filler in significant amounts.
Portland-limestone cements contain ground limestone as a filler in significant amounts.
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The U.S. Geological Survey provides resources related to cement production.
The U.S. Geological Survey provides resources related to cement production.
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The main use of clay and shales is in the production of concrete and mortars.
The main use of clay and shales is in the production of concrete and mortars.
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Clay and shales are often disposed of after mining operations are complete.
Clay and shales are often disposed of after mining operations are complete.
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Concrete substitutes include materials like wood and asphalt.
Concrete substitutes include materials like wood and asphalt.
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Fly ash and ground granulated furnace slugs are commonly used as substitutes for clay and shales.
Fly ash and ground granulated furnace slugs are commonly used as substitutes for clay and shales.
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Modern uses of clays and shales include applications in agriculture.
Modern uses of clays and shales include applications in agriculture.
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Transport infrastructure does not utilize materials derived from clay and shales.
Transport infrastructure does not utilize materials derived from clay and shales.
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The global production of hydraulic cement varies by region.
The global production of hydraulic cement varies by region.
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The primary function of hydraulic cement is to serve as a foundation for agricultural buildings.
The primary function of hydraulic cement is to serve as a foundation for agricultural buildings.
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