Célula Teoría: Membrana Celular

Study Notes

Cellular Theory: Cell Membrane

Structure and Function

The cell membrane is a thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell and regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
Phospholipids have hydrophilic (water-loving) heads and hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails.

Fluid Mosaic Model

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a dynamic, fluid structure with proteins and lipids that can move laterally.
Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer, with some spanning the membrane (transmembrane proteins) and others attached to the surface ( peripheral proteins).

Functions of the Cell Membrane

Regulation of movement: controls what enters and leaves the cell through passive transport (diffusion, osmosis) and active transport (carrier proteins, pumps).
Cell signaling: cell membrane receptors receive and transmit signals from outside the cell.
Cell adhesion: cell membrane proteins help cells stick together and to the extracellular matrix.
Cell recognition: cell membrane proteins allow cells to recognize and respond to other cells and their environment.

Selective Permeability

The cell membrane is semi-permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while restricting others.
Passive transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input.
Active transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration using energy input.

These notes cover the key aspects of the cell membrane, including its structure, function, and selective permeability.

Description

Aprende sobre la estructura y función de la membrana celular, incluyendo su modelo de mosaico fluido, permeabilidad selectiva y funciones clave como regulación del movimiento, señalización celular y adhesión celular.