Cellular Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

What type of organism consists of only a single cell that carries out all life processes?

  • Unicellular (correct)
  • Multicellular

What type of organism is composed of many cells which perform specialized and specific functions?

  • Multicellular (correct)
  • Unicellular

All cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, will contain structures known as ______.

organelles

What is the function of the cell wall?

<p>Attaches the cells to surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleus?

<p>Regulatory center of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cell membrane?

<p>Holds the components of the cell and protects them from damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

<p>Provide structural strength and support</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cilia and flagella?

<p>Used for movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

<p>Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the chromatin?

<p>It contains the genetic information in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ribosome?

<p>Is responsible for making proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Is responsible sorting and packaging proteins and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>Transport system of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria?

<p>Is where most of the cell’s ATP is produced. It is also called as the powerhouse if the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysosomes?

<p>Is the digestive system of the cell which degrades and recycles cellular waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vacuoles?

<p>Stores water and other excess materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

<p>Is a semifluid matrix where organelles are suspended</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Unicellular organism

An organism composed of only one cell that performs all life functions.

Multicellular organism

An organism made of many cells, which have specialized functions.

Cell structures

Internal components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Cell attachment

Structures that attach cells to surfaces.

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Cell nucleus

The control center of the cell, containing genetic information.

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Cell membrane

The boundary of the cell, protecting its contents.

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Cytoskeleton

Provides structural support and strength inside the cell.

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Cell movement

Structures involved in cell movement.

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Nucleus

The control center of the cell.

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Nuclear pore

A small opening in the nuclear membrane that controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.

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DNA (genes)

Genetic material contained in the nucleus.

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Ribosome

The sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

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Golgi apparatus

Organelle involved in sorting, modifying, and packaging proteins.

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Endoplasmic reticulum

A network of membranes within the cell that transports substances.

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Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell, where ATP (energy) is produced.

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Lysosome

The cell's digestive system, breaking down waste and recycling materials.

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Vacuole

A storage compartment in the cell for water and other materials.

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Cytoplasm

The fluid matrix where organelles are suspended.

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Study Notes

Cellular Structure and Function

  • Unicellular Organisms: Consist of a single cell that performs all life functions.

  • Multicellular Organisms: Composed of many cells with specialized functions.

  • Cellular Structures (Common to Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells): All cells have various structures.

Cellular Structures and Their Functions

  • Cell Membrane: Attaches the cell to surfaces.

  • Nucleus: Regulatory center of the cell.

  • Cytoplasm: Holds the cell's components and protects them from damage.

  • Cytoskeleton: Provides structural strength and support.

  • Flagella/Cilia: Used for movement.

  • Nucleus: Control center of the cell

  • Nuclear Envelope: Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus.

  • DNA/Chromatin: Contains the genetic information in the nucleus.

  • Ribosomes: Responsible for making proteins.

  • Golgi Apparatus: Responsible for sorting and packaging proteins and lipids.

  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Transport system of the cell (Rough ER involved with protein production).

  • Mitochondria: Where most of the cell's ATP (energy) is produced; the powerhouse of the cell.

  • Lysosomes: The digestive system of the cell; degrades and recycles cellular waste.

  • Vacuoles: Stores water and other excess materials.

  • Cytosol: A semifluid matrix where organelles are suspended.

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Description

This quiz explores the essential structures and functions of both unicellular and multicellular organisms. It covers key cellular components such as the nucleus, cell membrane, and ribosomes, highlighting their roles in overall cell function. Test your knowledge on cell biology and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

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