Cellular Respiration Process Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which organisms obtain needed energy by releasing the chemical energy stored in nutrients into ATP?

Cellular respiration

Where does aerobic respiration occur in eukaryotic organisms?

Mitochondria

What are the end products of aerobic respiration?

CO2 and water

What is another name for anaerobic respiration?

<p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main end product of fermentation in yeast?

<p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of muscles resorting to anaerobic respiration when there's not enough oxygen around?

<p>Buildup of lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main components of the digestive system?

<ol> <li>Gastrointestinal tract 2) Pancreas, gallbladder, and liver 3) Enzymes, hormones, nerves, and blood 4) Mesentery</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trio of organs - pancreas, gallbladder, and liver?

<p>To break down food using an array of special juices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the digestive process?

<p>To dissolve fats floating in the chyme so they can be easily digested by pancreatic and intestinal juices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the small intestine's millions of tiny projections called villi?

<p>To create a huge surface area to maximize molecule absorption and transference into the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the body to expel waste from the digestive system?

<p>Nerves sensing the expansion of the rectum and signaling the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final deconstruction of proteins into in the small intestine?

<p>Amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the stomach prepare food for the small intestine?

<p>Pounding the bolus into chunks and releasing acid and enzyme-rich juices to dissolve food and break down proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the large stretch of tissue that supports and positions all the digestive organs in the abdomen?

<p>Mesentery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial transformation of food in the mouth by the action of salivary glands and chewing?

<p>Turning food into a moist lump called the bolus and breaking down starch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of the process that transforms the bolus in the stomach after around 3 hours?

<p>Frothy liquid called chyme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key functions of the trio of organs - pancreas, gallbladder, and liver?

<p>Break down food using special juices, produce digestive juices, and transfer bile to aid in fat digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of acid and enzyme-rich juices from the stomach wall?

<p>Hormones secreted by cells into the stomach lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mesentery in the digestive system?

<p>Support and position all the digestive organs in the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the small intestine's millions of tiny projections called villi?

<p>Maximize molecule absorption and transference into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final state of the bolus after around 3 hours in the stomach?

<p>A frothy liquid called chyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bile in the digestive process?

<p>Dissolving fats in the chyme to aid in their digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the small intestine's lower regions to aid in absorption?

<p>The final deconstruction of proteins into amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the process of peristalsis in the esophagus?

<p>Nerves in the esophagus tissue sensing the presence of the bolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 main components of the digestive system?

<p>Gastrointestinal tract, pancreas-gallbladder-liver trio, body's enzymes-hormones-nerves-blood, and the mesentery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gastrointestinal tract in the digestive system?

<p>Transport food and provide an internal area of 30-40 sqkm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy Production

  • Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy by releasing chemical energy from nutrients into ATP.

Aerobic Respiration

  • Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic organisms.
  • The end products of aerobic respiration are ATP, water, and carbon dioxide.

Anaerobic Respiration

  • Anaerobic respiration is also known as fermentation.
  • The main end product of fermentation in yeast is ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Muscle Function

  • When muscles resort to anaerobic respiration due to lack of oxygen, lactic acid builds up, causing fatigue.

Digestive System

  • The four main components of the digestive system are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.
  • The pancreas, gallbladder, and liver work together to aid in digestion.
  • The liver produces bile, which breaks down fats into smaller components for absorption.
  • Bile is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine.
  • The function of the small intestine's villi is to increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.

Digestive Process

  • The digestive process begins in the mouth, where food is broken down by salivary glands and chewing, forming a bolus.
  • In the stomach, the bolus is churned and mixed with stomach acid and enzymes, breaking it down into a liquid mixture called chyme.
  • The stomach prepares the chyme for the small intestine by breaking it down over 3 hours.
  • The final state of the bolus after 3 hours in the stomach is a liquid mixture called chyme.
  • In the small intestine, most of our nutrient absorption takes place, with the help of villi and bile.
  • The final deconstruction of proteins into amino acids occurs in the small intestine.
  • The mesentery is a large stretch of tissue that supports and positions all the digestive organs in the abdomen.
  • Peristalsis in the esophagus is triggered by swallowing.
  • The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for the physical and biochemical breakdown of food, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the process of cellular respiration, including its types, occurrence in mitochondria, and energy yield. Learn about aerobic and anaerobic respiration and their differences.

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