Cellular Respiration: Chemiosmosis

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the movement of H+ ions from the lumen to the stroma through ATP synthase?

To break down glucose into ATP

To transfer electrons from Photosystem II to Photosystem I

To generate light energy

To synthesize ATP from ADP (correct)

What is the result of the energy excitation of the electron present in the P700 chlorophyll a?

The electron is used to synthesize ATP

The electron is transferred to the primary electron acceptor (correct)

The electron is released into the stroma

The electron is transferred back to the P700 chlorophyll a

What is the role of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?

To transfer electrons from Photosystem I to Photosystem II

To break down glucose into ATP

To facilitate the movement of H+ ions from the lumen to the stroma (correct)

To generate light energy

Where does the electron transport chain take place in a eukaryotic cell?

Mitochondrial inner membrane (cristae) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of electrons that fill up the missing ones in the P700 chlorophyll a?

Photosystem II (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the transfer of the photo-excited electron from the reaction center complex of Photosystem I?

The transfer of electrons to the primary electron acceptor (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stage of the Calvin cycle?

Glycolysis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in the mitochondrial cristae?

To facilitate chemiosmosis and ATP production (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in the light reactions?

To transfer electrons from Photosystem II to Photosystem I (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the energy passed on from one pigment molecule to another until it reaches the reaction center complex of Photosystem I?

The excitation of the electron present in the P700 chlorophyll a (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a high-energy molecule?

Glucose (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the primary electron acceptor in the light reactions?

To receive electrons from the P700 chlorophyll a (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reactant in photosynthesis that is oxidized to produce carbon dioxide?

Glucose (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where do the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain take place in a eukaryotic cell?

Mitochondrial matrix (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of photosynthesis that is released into the atmosphere?

Oxygen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of metabolic pathways involved in cellular aerobic respiration?

4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in the light reactions?

To generate ATP through phosphorylation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the uneven distribution of hydrogen ions in the stroma and the lumen?

Generation of ATP through phosphorylation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plastoquinone (Pq) in the electron transport chain?

It is an electron carrier molecule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane?

Energy released from the electrons in the electron transport chain (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cytochrome complex in the electron transport chain?

To transport electrons from the primary electron acceptor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the electrons passing through the electron transport chain?

The generation of ATP through phosphorylation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plastocyanin (Pc) in the electron transport chain?

It is an electron carrier molecule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final destination of the electrons in the electron transport chain?

Photosystem I (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy Transformation in Photosynthesis

Light energy is absorbed by a pigment molecule, which passes the energy to a reaction center complex, exciting an electron.
The excited electron is transferred to a primary electron acceptor, making the P700 chlorophyll a positively charged and seeking electrons to fill up the missing ones.

Light Reactions

Light energy is used to initiate electron transfer, reducing NADP+ to NADPH and splitting water to give off oxygen as a by-product.
ATP is formed through phosphorylation, taking place in the thylakoids of the chloroplast.
The movement of hydrogen ions through the ATP synthase channel triggers the synthesis of ATP from ADP.
Chemiosmosis is the process of H+ ions moving from the lumen to the stroma through ATP synthase, equalizing their distribution.

Calvin Cycle

The Calvin cycle is a series of reactions that incorporate CO2 into organic molecules through carbon fixation.
The Calvin cycle uses NADPH and ATP produced in the light reactions to produce carbohydrate from the fixed carbon.
The cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast and returns ADP, inorganic phosphate, and NADP+ to the light reactions.
Enzymes help in the process by unwinding the DNA coils.