1.4 – Mobile Device Connectivity: Cellular Standards
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason cell phones are referred to as such?

  • They rely on satellite communications.
  • They operate only within specific geographic limits.
  • They utilize a cellular network structure. (correct)
  • They are designed for making and receiving calls.

Which of the following statements about GSM is true?

  • GSM allows connectivity only in specific countries.
  • GSM does not require a SIM card for operation.
  • GSM was less than 50% of the worldwide market.
  • GSM supports multiple simultaneous users through multiplexing. (correct)

What was a limitation of the original cellular networks such as 2G?

  • They provided excellent support for data transmission.
  • They utilized advanced digital switching technology.
  • They had very limited data connectivity capabilities. (correct)
  • They were ineffective for voice communication.

How does CDMA manage communications among multiple users?

<p>By using unique codes for each call. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element does GSM utilize to enable portability of phone configurations?

<p>Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the market presence of GSM?

<p>It represents about 90% of the worldwide market. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which companies primarily used CDMA technology in the United States?

<p>Verizon and Sprint. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antennas in a cellular network?

<p>To maintain connectivity across different cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology was introduced to enhance mobile connectivity beyond 3G?

<p>LTE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maximum throughput can 5G networks potentially achieve?

<p>10 gigabits per second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features became possible with the introduction of 3G technology?

<p>GPS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PRL stand for in mobile communication?

<p>Preferred Roaming List (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does LTE improve upon GSM standards?

<p>By increasing data throughput (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Wi-Fi hotspot on a mobile device?

<p>To provide Wi-Fi access using cellular data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of LTE Advanced?

<p>Increased throughput of up to 300 megabits per second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology did the mobile industry transition to after 4G?

<p>5G (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What limitation might a user encounter when using hotspot features on their mobile device?

<p>Provider may impose additional charges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main advantages of 5G technology for Internet of Things devices?

<p>Enhanced speeds allow for larger file transfers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Phone

A mobile phone that uses a cellular network to connect to other phones and the internet.

Cellular Network

A network that divides a geographical area into smaller sections called cells, each with its own antenna.

Cellular Standards

A group of technologies that standardize how cell phones connect to a cellular network and communicate with each other.

2G Network

A type of cellular network that uses multiplexing to share a single frequency among many users.

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GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

A 2G standard widely used in Europe and other parts of the world.

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CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)

A 2G standard commonly used in the United States.

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SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card

A removable chip in a GSM phone that stores information like your phone number, network settings, and contact details.

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Multiplexing

A technique that lets multiple users share a single communication channel by dividing the channel into time slices.

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3G

A mobile network standard that allows for faster data speeds and new capabilities, like GPS and video streaming.

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LTE (Long Term Evolution)

A converged mobile network standard that combined GSM and CDMA, enabling faster data speeds and broader network compatibility.

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5G

A newer generation of mobile network technology offering significantly faster data speeds with potential for up to 10 gigabits per second.

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PRL (Preferred Roaming List)

A list of cell towers used by your phone to find the best signal and connect to the network, often updated over-the-air.

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Wi-Fi Hotspot

The ability of a mobile phone to share its data connection with other devices, turning the phone into a personal internet router.

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Throughput

A measure of how much data can be transmitted over a network within a given time, often expressed in megabits or gigabits per second.

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LTE Advanced

A more advanced version of LTE technology, offering even faster data speeds, potentially reaching up to 300 megabits per second.

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Internet of Things (IoT)

A network that connects various devices and allows them to communicate and share data.

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Operating System

A collection of software programs that control the functionality of a device, such as a mobile phone.

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OTA (Over-the-Air) Update

The process of sending software updates to a device over the air, typically used to fix bugs or improve features.

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Study Notes

Cellular Network Generations

  • Mobile phones use cellular networks, dividing geographic areas into "cells" with antennas at the edges for connectivity.
  • Early 2G networks used GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).
  • GSM was dominant globally, with AT&T and T-Mobile as examples in the US.
  • GSM uses multiplexing to allow many simultaneous calls on the same frequency. Each user gets a slice of time.
  • CDMA uses different codes for each call, letting handsets filter out unnecessary signals. Verizon and Sprint commonly used CDMA in the US.
  • 3G (1998) introduced increased data speeds (megabits per second) and capabilities like GPS, streaming, and video on demand.

4G (LTE) and 5G Technologies

  • LTE (Long Term Evolution or 4G) is a converged standard, combining GSM and CDMA.
  • LTE offers increased data throughput (up to 150 megabits per second).
  • LTE Advanced (LTE-A) doubles throughput to up to 300 megabits per second in some areas.
  • 5G (fifth generation) drastically increased data speeds, with the potential for gigabit-per-second speeds.
  • Current 5G speeds range from 100-900 megabits per second but are exceeding earlier networks.

Mobile Network Functionality and Updates

  • Mobile networks are used for voice and data communication.
  • PRL (Preferred Roaming List) updates allow phones to locate network towers more accurately. These updates happen over-the-air (OTA).
  • Phones can be turned into Wi-Fi hotspots, using the cellular network to connect other devices.
  • Cellular providers might limit or charge for hotspot capabilities and data transfer.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the evolution of cellular network generations, from 2G to the advanced 5G technologies. This quiz covers key concepts like GSM, CDMA, LTE, and their impact on mobile communications. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand mobile connectivity.

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