Cellular Biology and Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

  • To regulate what enters and leaves the cell (correct)
  • To store DNA
  • To generate energy for the cell
  • To synthesize proteins

Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell?

  • Lysosomes
  • Ribosomes
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Mitochondria (correct)

What is the main function of the lysosomes?

  • To modify and package proteins and lipids
  • To break down and recycle cellular waste (correct)
  • To provide structural support to the cell
  • To synthesize proteins

What is the main function of the epithelial tissue?

<p>To form the lining of organs and glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nervous system?

<p>To control body functions and interpret sensory information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Cellular Biology

Cell Structure

  • Cell Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  • Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane where metabolic processes occur
  • Nucleus: Control center of the cell where DNA is stored
  • Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell
  • Ribosomes: Site of protein synthesis
  • Lysosomes: Contain digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste
  • Golgi Apparatus: Modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport
  • Cytoskeleton: Provides structural support and shape to the cell

Cellular Processes

  • Metabolism: Conversion of energy and nutrients into usable forms
  • Photosynthesis: Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
  • Cell Division: Process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells
    • Mitosis: Division of somatic cells (body cells)
    • Meiosis: Division of gametes (sex cells)

Anatomy

Tissue Types

  • Epithelial Tissue: Forms lining of organs and glands
  • Connective Tissue: Provides support and structure to the body
  • Muscle Tissue: Enables movement and contraction
  • Nervous Tissue: Transmits and processes information

Organ Systems

  • Nervous System: Controls body functions and interprets sensory information
  • Circulatory System: Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells
  • Respiratory System: Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • Digestive System: Breaks down and absorbs nutrients
  • Endocrine System: Produces hormones that regulate various bodily functions

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