Cellular Aging and Senescence Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which factor causes an imbalance between the production and degradation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)?

  • Mitochondrial aging (correct)
  • Increased cellular loss
  • Aberrant maintenance of telomeres
  • Loss of WRN protein function
  • Which enzyme directly replaces damaged DNA and then resynthesizes a replacement stretch for the damaged strand?

  • Mn SOD
  • Nucleotide excision repair (NER)
  • Base excision repair (BER) (correct)
  • Mismatch repair (MMR)
  • What is the main consequence of loss of WRN protein function?

  • Osteoporosis
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Genomic instability (correct)
  • Cataracts
  • Which process leads to an accumulation of somatic mutations in cells?

    <p>Aberrant maintenance of telomeres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme plays a significant role in protecting against oxidative stress by degrading reactive oxygen species?

    <p>Catalase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of cellular senescence?

    <p>Oxidative stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of telomerase?

    <p>Extending chromosome ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to cellular aging?

    <p>Mitochondrial dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of bypassing replicative senescence?

    <p>Formation of therapy-resistant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is a biomarker for senescent cells?

    <p>p53</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one form of cellular senescence caused by excessive stress?

    <p>Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of telomerase in stem cells and germ cells?

    <p>Maintaining telomere size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do somatic cells have shorter telomeres compared to stem cells and germ cells?

    <p>Lower levels of telomerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of loss of telomeres in cells?

    <p>Chromosome instability or apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cancer cells, what allows for the maintenance of longer telomeres?

    <p>Mutation in telomerase genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of mutations in the WRN gene in Werner's Syndrome?

    <p>Increased mtDNA mutagenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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