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Questions and Answers
Where do T-lymphocytes mature?
Which lymphoid organ is known as the graveyard of RBCs?
What is the primary function of the lymph nodes?
What percentage of total lymphoid tissue does MALT constitute?
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Which lymphoid organ contains lymphocytes and phagocytes and traps blood-borne microorganisms?
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Study Notes
Cells of Acquired Immunity
- Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) include macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-lymphocytes.
- T-lymphocytes consist of helper CD4 TCR, killer CD8 TCR, suppressor, and memory cells.
- B-lymphocytes include plasma cells and memory cells.
Lymphocyte Maturation
- Maturation of lymphocytes occurs in primary lymphoid organs: bone marrow for B-cells and thymus for T-cells.
- B-cell receptors (BCRs) are formed in bone marrow, resulting in mature B-cells.
- T-cell receptors (TCRs) are formed in the thymus, resulting in mature T-cells.
Secondary Lymphoid Organs
- Mature T-cells and B-cells move to secondary lymphoid organs, including the spleen, tonsils, appendix, Peyer's patches, and lymph nodes.
- Pathogen encounter in these organs leads to the formation of effector cells.
Thymus
- The thymus is the main lymphoid organ, formed during fetal life.
- It is located near the heart, beneath the breastbone, and decreases in size with age.
Lymphoid Organs
- T-lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus.
- B-lymphocytes originate and mature in the bone marrow.
- Primary lymphoid organs (PLOs) facilitate maturation and differentiation, while secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) facilitate proliferation.
Spleen
- The spleen is a large, bean-shaped organ containing lymphocytes and phagocytes.
- It traps blood-borne microorganisms, filters the blood, and acts as a reservoir and graveyard for RBCs.
Lymph Node
- Lymph nodes are small, solid structures that trap and kill microbes in tissue fluid and lymph.
MALT
- Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) constitutes 50% of total lymphoid tissue.
- Examples of MALT include Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT).
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Description
Explore the different types of cells involved in acquired immunity, including antigen-presenting cells, T-lymphocytes, and B-lymphocytes. Learn about their functions and interactions in the immune response.
