16 Questions
What is the main function of vacuoles?
To store food, nutrients, and waste products
What is the characteristic of plastids in plant cells?
They are large, membrane-bound organelles
What is the primary function of mitochondria?
To produce energy through cellular respiration
What is the main function of the nucleus?
To regulate the cell's activities and manage genetic information
What is the characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
They lack a nucleus and most internal structures
What is the function of chloroplasts?
To perform photosynthesis and produce energy
What is the main function of ribosomes?
To synthesize proteins
What is the characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
They have a true nucleus and complex, membrane-bound organelles
What is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life?
Cell
What is the main function of lysosomes in cells?
To digest waste products and respond to foreign substances
What is the difference between plant and animal cells in terms of cell walls?
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall, while animal cells have a cell membrane
What is the function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
To manage and regulate the cell's activities
What is the main function of mitochondria in cells?
To produce energy through cellular respiration
What are the four primary types of tissues in multicellular organisms?
Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue
What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
To help in photosynthesis
What is the main function of vacuoles in cells?
To store water, nutrients, and waste products
Study Notes
Cell Basics
- Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life
- Each cell performs specific functions and contains organelles that carry out various tasks
- There are two main types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Tissues
- Tissues are groups of cells working together to perform a specific function
- Cells within a tissue are structurally and functionally related
- There are four primary types of tissues in multicellular organisms:
- epithelial tissue
- connective tissue
- muscle tissue
- nervous tissue
Plant Cell
- Has a rigid cell wall
- Contains chloroplasts that help in photosynthesis
- Has a large central vacuole that stores water, nutrients, and waste products
Animal Cell
- Surrounded by a cell membrane that provides structure
- Comes in various shapes (e.g., round, oval)
- Contains a nucleus that houses genetic material
Nucleus
- The nucleus is the control center of cellular activities and the storehouse of the cell's DNA
- It is a double-membraned organelle found in all eukaryotic cells
- The nucleus manages and regulates the cell's activities and contains genetic information
Mitochondria
- Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration
- Contains circular DNA
Lysosome
- Lysosomes are organelles that digest waste products of cells
- They respond to foreign substances entering the cell by engulfing them
- Found in all animal cells, but rarely found in plant cells due to their cell wall
Vacuole
- Vacuoles are storage bubbles enclosed by a membrane
- Stores food or a variety of nutrients that a cell might need to survive
- Stores waste products, which are eventually thrown out by vacuoles
- Plant cells have larger vacuoles compared to animal cells
Plastids
- Large, membrane-bound organelles that contain pigments
- Three types of plastids based on pigments:
- Chloroplast: contains chlorophyll, giving plants their green color
- Chromoplasts: provide plants with yellow, orange, red colors
- Leucoplasts: colorless, store nutrients
Organelles
- Mitochondria: energy production through cellular respiration
- Nucleus: manages and regulates cell activities, contains genetic information
- Cytoplasm: holds cellular structures, provides medium for chemical reactions
- Chromosomes: stores genetic information in the nucleus
- Ribosomes: synthesizes proteins
- Cell Wall: provides structural support and protection to plant cells
- Chloroplast: performs photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy
Learn about the basic structure and function of cells, including eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, and how they form tissues that perform specific functions.
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