Cell Transport Mechanisms Quiz

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What is the primary requirement for active transport?

It utilizes ion channels.
It moves substances from low to high concentration. (correct)
It occurs down a concentration gradient.
It requires no energy from the cell.

Which process does NOT utilize energy from the cell?

Diffusion (correct)
Sodium-potassium pump
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

Carrier proteins involved in active transport are often referred to as what?

Ion channels
Cell membrane pumps (correct)
Facilitated diffusion proteins
Transport vesicles

Which of the following statements is correct about the similarities between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Both involve the binding of molecules to a protein. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport moves substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Facilitated diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

How many sodium ions are transported out of the cell during one complete cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in the sodium-potassium pump?

To provide energy for the active transport (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the carrier protein after the phosphate group is released?

It undergoes a conformational change back to its original shape (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs first in the cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

Three sodium ions bind to the carrier protein (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is true?

It maintains the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of exocytosis?

To release substances from the cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles?

Golgi apparatus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to vesicles when they reach the cell membrane during exocytosis?

They fuse with the cell membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is endocytosis primarily responsible for?

Ingesting external fluid and large particles (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances are commonly released through exocytosis?

Large molecules such as proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs immediately after the pouch pinches off in endocytosis?

The vesicle fuses with lysosomes for digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial action in the process of exocytosis?

The vesicle fuses with the cell membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes phagocytosis from pinocytosis?

Phagocytosis transports large particles, while pinocytosis transports solutes or fluids (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are known to utilize phagocytosis to ingest bacteria and viruses?

Phagocytes (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are endocytosis and exocytosis considered types of active transport?

They require the cell to use energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

Active Transport

Movement of substances against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration. This requires energy input from the cell.

Difference between Passive and Active Transport

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient.

Cell Membrane Pumps

Specialized carrier proteins that use energy to move substances against their concentration gradient across the cell membrane.

Similarities between Facilitated Diffusion and Active Transport

Carrier proteins used in both facilitated diffusion and active transport, binding to a specific molecule, changing shape, and transporting it across the membrane.