10 Questions
Who proposed the hypothesis that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells?
Theodore Schwann
What did Rudolf Virchow emphasize in his explanation of cell formation?
New cells are formed from pre-existing cells
Which scientist observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cells?
Matthias Schleiden
What did Theodore Schwann conclude about the presence of cell wall in cells?
It is a unique character of plant cells
What did Matthias Schleiden examine to arrive at his observation about plant cells?
A large number of plants
What is the outermost layer in the cell envelope of most prokaryotic cells?
Glycocalyx
What is the function of the capsule in some bacteria?
To provide a thick and tough protective layer
How are bacteria classified based on their response to the Gram stain?
Gram positive and Gram negative
What is the composition of the glycocalyx in different bacteria?
It differs in composition and thickness
What is the collective function of the layers in the cell envelope of prokaryotic cells?
Act together as a single protective unit
Study Notes
Cell Theory
- Theodor Schwann proposed the hypothesis that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cells.
Cell Formation
- Rudolf Virchow emphasized that cells originate from pre-existing cells.
Plant Cells
- Matthias Schleiden observed that all plants are composed of different kinds of cells.
Cell Wall
- Theodore Schwann concluded that the presence of a cell wall is not unique to plants, but is also a characteristic of animal cells.
Prokaryotic Cells
- Matthias Schleiden examined plant cells to arrive at his observation about plant cells.
Cell Envelope
- The outermost layer in the cell envelope of most prokaryotic cells is the capsule.
Capsule Function
- The function of the capsule in some bacteria is to protect the cell from the host's immune system and to facilitate the bacteria's virulence.
Bacteria Classification
- Bacteria are classified based on their response to the Gram stain as either Gram-positive or Gram-negative.
Glycocalyx
- The composition of the glycocalyx in different bacteria varies and includes polysaccharides, proteins, and teichoic acids.
Cell Envelope Function
- The collective function of the layers in the cell envelope of prokaryotic cells is to provide structural support, regulate the flow of materials, and maintain the cell's shape.
Test your knowledge of cell theory with this quiz! Learn about the contributions of Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann to our understanding of cells, tissues, and the plasma membrane.
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