Cell Theory: History and Principles

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Questions and Answers

If a new organism was discovered, which principle of the cell theory would scientists use to determine if it's a living thing?

The organism must be composed of one or more cells. (correct)
The organism must exhibit movement at some stage of its life cycle.
The organism must be able to produce energy through metabolic processes.
The organism must contain DNA within its cellular structures.

Why was the invention and improvement of the microscope essential to developing cell theory?

It allowed for the direct observation and study of cells, revealing their structure and function. (correct)
It confirmed the existence of bacteria and viruses, which are smaller than cells.
It enabled scientists to manipulate cells and conduct experiments at a microscopic level.
It provided a means to measure the exact size and volume of individual cells.

How did Virchow's contribution significantly build upon the earlier statements made by Schleiden and Schwann?

Virchow detailed the chemical composition of cells, standardizing the understanding of cellular components.
Virchow added the principle that all cells arise from pre-existing cells, completing the modern cell theory. (correct)
Virchow identified that all energy flow occurs within cells, explaining how cells function.
Virchow disproved Schleiden and Schwann's claims about the universality of cells in living organisms.

Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between the discoveries of Hooke and Leeuwenhoek?

Hooke described cells in dead tissue, while Leeuwenhoek observed living cells, expanding the understanding of cellular life. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the principle that 'cells carry genetic material (DNA) that is passed from cell to cell' have for understanding heredity?

Genetic information is transmitted from parent cells to daughter cells, ensuring the continuity of traits. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Considering the historical timeline, how did advancements in microscopy directly influence the development of the cell theory?

Microscopy allowed for direct observation of cellular processes which were previously only hypothesized. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the cell theory, which states that 'all living things are composed of cells,' apply to both unicellular and multicellular organisms?

Cell theory applies universally, with unicellular organisms functioning as complete entities within a single cell, while multicellular organisms are composed of numerous cells. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what ways does the modern extension of cell theory, particularly the idea that 'energy flow occurs within cells,' refine the original postulates of cell theory?

By specifying the mechanisms through which cells maintain life and perform functions, such as metabolism and biochemistry. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did the individual contributions of Schleiden and Schwann complement each other in formulating the initial cell theory?

Schleiden's work focused on plant cells, while Schwann's research centered on animal cells, leading to the conclusion that all living organisms are composed of cells. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Considering that cells are the basic unit of life, how does understanding cell biology help in addressing modern health challenges like cancer or viral infections?

By understanding how healthy cells function, researchers can develop therapies that target aberrant cellular processes in diseases, such as cancer or infections, to restore normal function. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Theory: 1st Point

All living things are made of cells.

Cell Theory: 2nd Point

The cell is the basic unit of life.