Cell Systems Biology: History and Discoveries
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Questions and Answers

Who discovered that DNA consists of proteins and nucleic acids and isolated the nitrogen bases of nucleic acids?

  • Albrecht Kossel (correct)
  • Erwin Chargaff
  • Sir Archibald Garrod
  • Friedrich Miescher

Who connected genes to enzymes by studying bread mould, proposing the 'one gene-one enzyme' hypothesis?

  • Friedrich Miescher
  • Beadle & Tatum (correct)
  • Sir Archibald Garrod
  • Albrecht Kossel

Who showed that DNA, not protein, carries the genetic information by studying Streptococcus pneumoniae?

  • Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase
  • Sir Archibald Garrod
  • Erwin Chargaff
  • Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty (correct)

Who proved that DNA is the hereditary material by studying radiolabelled bacteriophage?

<p>Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who found that the ratios of adenine (A) to thymine (T) and guanine (G) to cytosine (C) in DNA are equal?

<p>Erwin Chargaff (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of an organism's genome, including both coding and non-coding regions?

<p>Genomics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule contains the biological instructions that allow an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce?

<p>DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is DNA found in eukaryotic organisms?

<p>Nucleus and mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of DNA composed of?

<p>$Phosphate$ $group$ + $sugar$ + $nitrogen$ $base$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DNA replication involve?

<p>$Producing$ $two$ $identical$ $copies$ $of$ $DNA$ from one original DNA molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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