Podcast
Questions and Answers
What structure is unique to plant cells but absent in human cheek cells?
What structure is unique to plant cells but absent in human cheek cells?
What term is used for cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus?
What term is used for cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus?
Which organelle is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Which organelle is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Which of the following is true regarding the cytoplasm?
Which of the following is true regarding the cytoplasm?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the centrosome in animal cells?
What is the primary function of the centrosome in animal cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cell Structure
-
Onion cells (plant cells): Possess a cell wall as the outer boundary, followed by a cell membrane.
-
Human cheek cells (animal cells): Have an outer membrane defining their structure.
-
Nucleus: A dense, membrane-bound structure within each cell. Contains chromosomes holding DNA (genetic material).
-
Eukaryotic cells: Cells with a membrane-bound nucleus, including plant and animal cells.
-
Prokaryotic cells: Cells lacking a membrane-bound nucleus, exemplified by bacteria.
-
Cytoplasm: Semi-fluid matrix filling the cell's volume, site of various cellular processes crucial for survival.
Organelles (Eukaryotic Cells Only)
-
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Membrane-bound organelle.
-
Golgi complex: Membrane-bound organelle.
-
Lysosomes: Membrane-bound organelle.
-
Mitochondria: Membrane-bound organelle.
-
Microbodies: Membrane-bound organelle.
-
Vacuoles: Membrane-bound organelle.
Other Cellular Components
-
Ribosomes: Non-membrane-bound organelles found in all cells (both prokaryotic and eukaryotic). Located in the cytoplasm, chloroplasts (plant cells), mitochondria, and on rough ER.
-
Centrosome: Non-membrane-bound organelle found in animal cells, essential for cell division.
Cell Size and Shape
-
Size variation: Mycoplasmas (smallest cells) are 0.3 µm long, while bacteria range from 3 to 5 µm. Ostrich eggs represent the largest isolated single cell. Human red blood cells are about 7.0 µm in diameter.
-
Shape variation: Cells may be disc-like, polygonal, columnar, cuboid, thread-like, or irregular, depending on function.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the structure of cells, including the differences between plant and animal cells. This quiz covers eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, their organelles, and fundamental cellular components. Perfect for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of cell biology.
