8 Questions
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
To regulate the movement of molecules in and out of the cell
Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
Photosynthesis
Which organelle is involved in protein synthesis, folding, and transport?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the main function of lysosomes in cells?
Waste recycling
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?
Modifying and packaging proteins and lipids
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton in cells?
Providing structural support and shape
What is the main component of the cell wall in plant cells?
Cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin
Study Notes
Cell Membrane
- Also known as the plasma membrane, it is a thin, semi-permeable layer that surrounds the cell
- Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
- Functions:
- Regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell
- Provides mechanical support and maintains cell shape
- Acts as a barrier against external substances
Organelles
Animal Cells
- Mitochondria: generates energy for the cell through cellular respiration
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): involved in protein synthesis, folding, and transport
- Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
- Lysosomes: contains digestive enzymes that break down and recycle cellular waste
- Golgi Apparatus: modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport
- Cytoskeleton: provides structural support and shape to the cell
Plant Cells
- Chloroplasts: responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy
- Vacuoles: stores water, nutrients, and waste products; helps maintain cell turgor pressure
- Plastids: involved in pigment synthesis and storage
- Cell Wall: provides structural support and protection; composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin
Note: Plant cells have additional organelles not found in animal cells, such as chloroplasts and a cell wall.
Test your knowledge of the cell membrane and various organelles found in animal and plant cells, including their functions and characteristics. Learn about the different components that make up a cell and how they work together to maintain cellular functions.
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