Cell Structure and Function Quiz

Cell Structure and Function

• Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane, a selective barrier controlling nutrient entry and waste exit.
• The cell's interior is organized into specialized compartments called organelles, each enclosed by a membrane.
• The nucleus, a major organelle, houses genetic information essential for cell growth and reproduction.
• Each cell contains one nucleus, while other organelles exist in multiple copies within the cytoplasm.
• Mitochondria are responsible for energy transactions vital for cell survival.
• Lysosomes break down unwanted materials within the cell.
• The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus play crucial roles in cellular organization by synthesizing, processing, sorting, and directing molecules to their designated locations.
• Plant cells possess chloroplasts, responsible for photosynthesis, using sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates.
• The space within the cytoplasm, called cytosol, contains the cytoskeleton, a framework of fibrous molecules that provides cell shape, enables organelle movement, and facilitates cell movement itself.
• The cytosol also houses over 10,000 different molecules involved in cellular biosynthesis, the process of creating large biological molecules from smaller ones.

Cell Structure

• Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane, acting as a selective barrier for nutrients and waste products.
• The cell's interior is organized with specialized compartments called organelles, each enclosed in a membrane.
• The nucleus, a major organelle, holds genetic information for cell growth and reproduction.
• Each cell has one nucleus, while other organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus occur in multiple copies within the cytoplasm.
• Mitochondria are responsible for energy transactions crucial to cell survival.
• Lysosomes digest unwanted materials within the cell.
• The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus synthesize, process, sort, and direct molecules to their proper locations within the cell.
• Plant cells additionally contain chloroplasts, responsible for photosynthesis, converting carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates using sunlight energy.
• The space between organelles in the cytoplasm is called the cytosol.
• The cytosol contains the cytoskeleton, a framework of fibrous molecules providing cell shape, enabling organelle movement, and facilitating cell movement.
• The cytosol contains over 10,000 different molecules involved in cellular biosynthesis, the process of creating large biological molecules from smaller ones.