Cell Respiration Process

Respiration

• Pyruvic acid is converted into carbon dioxide, releasing energy and forming water molecules at the end of this process.
• In anaerobic respiration, pyruvic acid is converted into ethyl alcohol or lactic acid in the absence of oxygen.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

• Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, producing carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
• Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, producing either ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.

Respiration in Muscles

• During intense physical activity, anaerobic respiration occurs in muscles, forming lactic acid and causing pain.
• The pain subsides after rest, as lactic acid is removed and oxygen is replenished.

Large Intestine

• The large intestine is smaller than the small intestine.
• Undigested food enters the large intestine, where water and salt are absorbed, and the remaining waste is expelled through the anus.

Respiration in General

• Respiration is the process by which living beings utilize food to produce energy.
• It is an oxidation reaction that occurs in mitochondria, releasing energy stored in ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
• The steps of respiration include breaking down glucose into pyruvate, and further breaking down pyruvic acid into different molecules depending on the type of respiration.

Photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis occurs in the presence of sunlight, chlorophyll, CO2, and water.
• The process involves absorption of light energy, conversion into chemical energy, and splitting of water molecules.
• CO2 is reduced to carbohydrates, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.

Stomata

• Stomata are tiny pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems that facilitate gaseous exchange and transpiration.
• Functions of stomata include exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) and transpiration, losing water vapor.