Cell Respiration Chapter 10

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What is the primary function of energy in living cells?

To do work (correct)

To reproduce

To store polymers

To generate heat

What is the ultimate source of energy for most living organisms?

Oxygen

Organic molecules

Sunlight (correct)

ATP

What is the role of electron transfer in catabolic pathways?

To play a major role in releasing stored energy (correct)

To store energy in organic molecules

To generate ATP

To synthesize complex molecules

What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is used in cellular respiration?

O2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?

To power cellular work Signup and view all the answers

Where does cellular respiration occur in cells?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation?

NADH and FADH2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorylation?

To couple electron transport to ATP synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the citric acid cycle that is used to synthesize ATP?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle that is released into the atmosphere?

CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy currency that is synthesized during oxidative phosphorylation?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that generates ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

To pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?

To catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of H+ movement during chemiosmosis?

From the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP?

The energy released from the electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rotor in ATP synthase?

To spin and drive the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work?

Chemiosmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the substance that donates electrons in a redox reaction?

Reducing agent Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy during the oxidation of organic fuel molecules in cellular respiration?

It is transferred to oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

It is an electron acceptor and functions as an oxidizing agent Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds are changed in some redox reactions that do not transfer electrons?

Covalent bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the reaction between methane and O2?

Carbon dioxide and water are produced Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of organic molecules that makes them excellent sources of high-energy electrons?

An abundance of hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of catabolic pathways?

To funnel electrons from organic molecules into cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of breaking down fatty acids through beta oxidation?

Acetyl CoA, NADH, and FADH2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for glycolysis?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of removing amino groups from amino acids?

NH3 Signup and view all the answers

How many times more ATP is produced from an oxidized gram of fat compared to an oxidized gram of carbohydrate?

More than twice as much Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of glycolysis that is used to produce compounds needed for glycolysis?

Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of oxidative phosphorylation?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of ATP generated by oxidative phosphorylation?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule degraded?

32 Signup and view all the answers

What type of phosphorylation occurs in the citric acid cycle?

Substrate-level phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which electrons are transferred to generate ATP?

Electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the body uses small molecules from food to build other molecules such as proteins?

Biosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism for metabolic control in cellular respiration?

Feedback inhibition Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of glycolysis that is used to produce compounds needed for glycolysis?

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which ATP is synthesized during cellular respiration?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ATP concentration when cellular respiration speeds up?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle that is released into the atmosphere?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between fermentation and cellular respiration?

The final electron acceptor Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of glycolysis in the evolution of life on Earth?

It was used by early prokaryotes to produce ATP before oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of pyruvate in a facultative anaerobe?

It can be converted to either acetyl CoA or ethanol/lactate depending on the presence of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the ATP yield of fermentation per glucose molecule?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of obligate anaerobes?

They carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration and cannot survive in the presence of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the glycolysis pathway?

Cytosol Signup and view all the answers

Cell Respiration Chapter 10

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of energy in living cells?

What is the ultimate source of energy for most living organisms?

What is the role of electron transfer in catabolic pathways?

What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is used in cellular respiration?

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular processes?

Where does cellular respiration occur in cells?

What is the primary source of energy for ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the role of chemiosmosis in oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the product of the citric acid cycle that is used to synthesize ATP?

What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle that is released into the atmosphere?

What is the energy currency that is synthesized during oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the process that generates ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

What is the role of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?

What is the direction of H+ movement during chemiosmosis?

What is the energy source for the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP?

What is the function of the rotor in ATP synthase?

What is the term for the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work?

What is the term for the substance that donates electrons in a redox reaction?

What happens to the energy during the oxidation of organic fuel molecules in cellular respiration?

What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

What type of bonds are changed in some redox reactions that do not transfer electrons?

What is the result of the reaction between methane and O2?

What is the characteristic of organic molecules that makes them excellent sources of high-energy electrons?

What is the primary function of catabolic pathways?

What is the end product of breaking down fatty acids through beta oxidation?

What is the primary source of energy for glycolysis?

What is the byproduct of removing amino groups from amino acids?

How many times more ATP is produced from an oxidized gram of fat compared to an oxidized gram of carbohydrate?

What is the product of glycolysis that is used to produce compounds needed for glycolysis?

What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis?

What is the primary site of oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the percentage of ATP generated by oxidative phosphorylation?

What is the total number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule degraded?

What type of phosphorylation occurs in the citric acid cycle?

What is the process by which electrons are transferred to generate ATP?

What is the process by which the body uses small molecules from food to build other molecules such as proteins?

What is the primary mechanism for metabolic control in cellular respiration?

What is the product of glycolysis that is used to produce compounds needed for glycolysis?

What is the process by which ATP is synthesized during cellular respiration?

What happens to the ATP concentration when cellular respiration speeds up?

What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle that is released into the atmosphere?

What is the primary difference between fermentation and cellular respiration?

What is the significance of glycolysis in the evolution of life on Earth?

What is the fate of pyruvate in a facultative anaerobe?

What is the ATP yield of fermentation per glucose molecule?

What is the characteristic of obligate anaerobes?

What is the location of the glycolysis pathway?

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