Cell Organelles Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which organelle acts like a powerhouse and supplies the cell with energy?

  • Nucleus
  • Chloroplast
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria (correct)

Which organelle is responsible for absorbing light to be used in photosynthesis in plant cells?

  • Chloroplast (correct)
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
  • Cell wall

Which type of organisms are made up of only one cell?

  • Amoeba (correct)
  • Algae
  • Fungi
  • Mitochondrion

What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?

<p>Support and protect the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is the control center of the cell and contains genetic information?

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of brown fat cells in the body?

<p>Produce heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle cells is attached to vital organs and functions involuntarily?

<p>Smooth muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of white blood cells in the body?

<p>Fight infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue forms surfaces over other organs, such as the skin?

<p>Epithelial tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do stem cells have the ability to do in terms of cell types?

<p>Turn into many different types of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Cell Organelles

  • Organelles are small structures within cells that have specific jobs, similar to organs in the human body.
  • The presence and absence of particular organelles allow us to classify cells.

Nucleus

  • Control center of the cell
  • Contains genetic information (DNA) which are instructions for the cell
  • Found in both animal and plant cells

Cell Membrane

  • Controls movements of substances into and out of a cell
  • Holds the cell contents
  • Found in both animal and plant cells

Cell Wall

  • Supports, strengthens, and protects cells
  • Not found in animal cells, only in plants, bacteria, and fungi

Mitochondria

  • Supply the cell with energy using oxygen and food
  • Involved in cellular respiration
  • Mitochondrion (plural)
  • More active cells have larger numbers (e.g., muscles)
  • Found in both animal and plant cells

Chloroplast

  • Absorb light from the sun to use in photosynthesis
  • Contains a green pigment called chlorophyll which gives plants their color
  • Only found in plant cells

Types of Organisms

  • Unicellular organisms: made up of only one cell (e.g., bacteria, paramecium, amoeba, algae)
  • Multicellular organisms: made up of many cells, specialized to do specific functions (e.g., fat cells, muscle cells, heart cells, nerve cells)

Muscle Cells

  • Three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
  • Skeletal muscles: attached to bone, enable voluntary movement
  • Smooth muscles: attached to vital organs, function involuntarily (e.g., digestive system)
  • Cardiac muscles: regulate the heart

Nerve Cells

  • Units of the nervous system
  • Carry messages to the brain (for processing) and to cells to carry out a response
  • Carry messages away from the brain to enable movement or response to environmental changes

Blood Cells

  • Red blood cells: carry oxygen around the body, shaped like concave disks
  • White blood cells: fight infection

Fat Cells

  • Three key functions: store energy, insulate the body, and provide padding for vital organs
  • Brown fat cells: produce heat for the body
  • White fat cells: insulate the body and provide energy

Stem Cells

  • Can turn into many different types of cells

Tissue

  • A large mass of similar cells that make up part of an organism and perform a particular function
  • Examples: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue

Organ

  • A collection of two or more types of tissue working together with a similar function
  • Examples: respiratory, skeletal, nervous, reproductive, excretory systems

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