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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the cell wall?
Gives shape and protection to the plant cell
Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse' or 'power plant' of the cell?
Mitochondrion
What is the function of the nuclear membrane?
Allows certain substances to pass between the nucleus and the rest of the cell
Where are ribosomes made within the cell?
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What is the function of the chloroplast?
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What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
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Describe the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
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What is the main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
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What is the role of lysosomes in animal cells?
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How does the cytoskeleton contribute to animal cell function?
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Study Notes
Cell Structures and Their Functions
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Cell Wall: Provides structural support and protection, mainly found in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria.
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Mitochondria: Known as the 'powerhouse' or 'power plant' of the cell due to its role in ATP production through cellular respiration.
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Nuclear Membrane: Encloses the nucleus, regulating the flow of materials in and out, thus maintaining nuclear environment and function.
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Ribosome Production: Ribosomes are synthesized in the nucleolus, a region within the nucleus, before moving into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
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Chloroplast Function: Converts sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, primarily found in plant cells and some protists.
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Golgi Apparatus: Functions in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER): Involved in the synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons. Lacks ribosomes on its surface.
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): Studded with ribosomes, primarily functions in protein synthesis and initial protein folding and modification.
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Lysosomes: Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris; plays a crucial role in cellular cleanup and recycling.
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Cytoskeleton: Provides structural support and shape to the cell, facilitates intracellular transport, and enables cell movement and division.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the main functions and nicknames of cell organelles. Learn about the roles of cell wall, cell membrane, and cytoplasm in different cell types.
