12 Questions
What organelle is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomes?
Nucleolus
In which type of solution does fluid flow out of the cell?
Hypertonic
Which process involves the movement of large materials through the cell membrane?
Exocytosis
What type of transportation across a differentially permeable membrane requires no metabolic energy?
Passive transport
What is the function of peroxisomes in a cell?
Detoxifying toxic substances
What is the composition of chromatin?
A fine, unevenly stained network
What is the main function of cilia in a cell?
Breaking down hydrogen peroxide
What is the role of nucleoplasm in the nucleus?
To help the nucleus keep its shape and serve as a transportation medium
What is the process that involves the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against a gradient or an obstacle with the use of external energy?
Active transport
Which form of diffusion requires the assistance of membrane proteins?
Facilitated diffusion
What is the term for the process where the cell discharges material out of the cell?
Exocytosis
Which type of endocytosis is more specific and involves the uptake of specific molecules bound to receptor proteins?
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Study Notes
Cellular Organelles and Functions
- The synthesis of ribosomes occurs in the nucleolus.
Cell Membrane Transport
- Hypotonic solution: fluid flows out of the cell.
- Active transport: movement of large materials through the cell membrane, requiring metabolic energy.
- Passive transport: type of transportation across a differentially permeable membrane that requires no metabolic energy.
- Facilitated diffusion: type of diffusion that requires the assistance of membrane proteins.
Cellular Components and Functions
- Peroxisomes: involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids.
- Chromatin: composed of DNA and proteins (histones) in the nucleus.
- Cilia: responsible for movement and sensing the environment.
- Nucleoplasm: a gel-like substance in the nucleus where DNA replication and transcription occur.
Cellular Processes
- Active transport: the process that involves the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against a gradient or an obstacle with the use of external energy.
- Exocytosis: the process where the cell discharges material out of the cell.
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis: a type of endocytosis that is more specific and involves the uptake of specific molecules bound to receptor proteins.
Test your knowledge about the role of the cell nucleus in controlling cell growth and regulating gene transcription, as well as understanding the differences between hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
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