21 Questions
Which component of the nucleus houses ribosomal RNA?
Nucleolus
What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
Joins nitrogenous bases in DNA
Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in RNA?
Uracil
What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in cellular processes?
Deliver coded message to ribosomes for translation
What is the main function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?
Assemble protein molecules
What is the backbone of DNA composed of?
Sugar and phosphate groups
What is the main difference between Diploid and Haploid chromosome numbers?
Diploid chromosomes are found in somatic cells while Haploid chromosomes are found in gametes
Which accurately describes the structure of a Duplicate Eukaryotic Chromosome?
It consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere
During which phase of the cell cycle does chromatin condense into visible chromosomes?
Prophase
What is the main difference between Mitosis and Meiosis II?
Mitosis produces somatic cells, while Meiosis II produces gametes
Which process is responsible for creating genetic variation during sexual reproduction?
Crossing over during Meiosis I
What distinguishes Trisomy from Monosomy?
Trisomy involves an extra chromosome, while Monosomy involves a missing chromosome
Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of all DNA?
Synthetic phase
Where does crossing over occur in meiosis?
Prophase
Which type of chromosomes are pulled apart during meiosis?
Homologous chromosomes
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis creates genetically identical daughter cells, unlike meiosis.
Inheritance of color blindness is an example of which type of genetic inheritance?
X-linked recessive
What is the most common chromosomal disorder characterized by trisomy 21?
Down Syndrome
During which phase of the cell cycle do centromeres split and sister chromatids move to opposite poles?
Anaphase
What does the term 'neoplasia' refer to?
Abnormal increase in the number of cells, such as in cancer
Which term describes the process where a cell dies off on its own?
Apoptosis
Test your knowledge on the structure, size, functions of the cell nucleus, DNA, RNA, proteins, and eukaryotic chromosomes. Learn about the composition, synthesis, and regulation of cellular components, as well as the difference between diploid and haploid chromosome numbers.
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