Cell Nucleus and Chromosome Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which component of the nucleus houses ribosomal RNA?

  • Nucleoplasm
  • Nucleolus (correct)
  • Nuclear envelope
  • Nuclear pore

What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

  • Adds ribose sugar to DNA backbone
  • Joins nitrogenous bases in DNA (correct)
  • Degrades DNA strands for replication
  • Transcribes DNA to RNA

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in RNA?

  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • Thymine
  • Uracil (correct)

What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in cellular processes?

<p>Deliver coded message to ribosomes for translation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

<p>Assemble protein molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the backbone of DNA composed of?

<p>Sugar and phosphate groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Diploid and Haploid chromosome numbers?

<p>Diploid chromosomes are found in somatic cells while Haploid chromosomes are found in gametes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which accurately describes the structure of a Duplicate Eukaryotic Chromosome?

<p>It consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does chromatin condense into visible chromosomes?

<p>Prophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Mitosis and Meiosis II?

<p>Mitosis produces somatic cells, while Meiosis II produces gametes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for creating genetic variation during sexual reproduction?

<p>Crossing over during Meiosis I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Trisomy from Monosomy?

<p>Trisomy involves an extra chromosome, while Monosomy involves a missing chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of all DNA?

<p>Synthetic phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does crossing over occur in meiosis?

<p>Prophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromosomes are pulled apart during meiosis?

<p>Homologous chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

<p>Mitosis creates genetically identical daughter cells, unlike meiosis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inheritance of color blindness is an example of which type of genetic inheritance?

<p>X-linked recessive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common chromosomal disorder characterized by trisomy 21?

<p>Down Syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle do centromeres split and sister chromatids move to opposite poles?

<p>Anaphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'neoplasia' refer to?

<p>Abnormal increase in the number of cells, such as in cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process where a cell dies off on its own?

<p>Apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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