Cell Nucleus and Chromosome Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which component of the nucleus houses ribosomal RNA?

  • Nucleoplasm
  • Nucleolus (correct)
  • Nuclear envelope
  • Nuclear pore
  • What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

  • Adds ribose sugar to DNA backbone
  • Joins nitrogenous bases in DNA (correct)
  • Degrades DNA strands for replication
  • Transcribes DNA to RNA
  • Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in RNA?

  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • Thymine
  • Uracil (correct)
  • What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in cellular processes?

    <p>Deliver coded message to ribosomes for translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

    <p>Assemble protein molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the backbone of DNA composed of?

    <p>Sugar and phosphate groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Diploid and Haploid chromosome numbers?

    <p>Diploid chromosomes are found in somatic cells while Haploid chromosomes are found in gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accurately describes the structure of a Duplicate Eukaryotic Chromosome?

    <p>It consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle does chromatin condense into visible chromosomes?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Mitosis and Meiosis II?

    <p>Mitosis produces somatic cells, while Meiosis II produces gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for creating genetic variation during sexual reproduction?

    <p>Crossing over during Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Trisomy from Monosomy?

    <p>Trisomy involves an extra chromosome, while Monosomy involves a missing chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of all DNA?

    <p>Synthetic phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does crossing over occur in meiosis?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromosomes are pulled apart during meiosis?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis creates genetically identical daughter cells, unlike meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inheritance of color blindness is an example of which type of genetic inheritance?

    <p>X-linked recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common chromosomal disorder characterized by trisomy 21?

    <p>Down Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle do centromeres split and sister chromatids move to opposite poles?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'neoplasia' refer to?

    <p>Abnormal increase in the number of cells, such as in cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the process where a cell dies off on its own?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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