Cell Membrane Transport Mechanisms Quiz

<p>It involves the rapid ingestion of extracellular fluid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interaction of antibodies with receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small gas molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport requires energy and involves protein carriers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrier-mediated diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a saturable process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rate = (C1 - C2) x Permeability coefficient x Area / Thickness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a process that can be inhibited by specific inhibitors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrier-mediated diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is an energy-dependent process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as a barrier against water movement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport can move substances against an energy gradient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves random movement without interaction with proteins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion that requires a chemical binding with carrier proteins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow passive movement of small molecules only. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion through watery extracellular spaces. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows molecules to dissolve directly in lipid structures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To break down the phagocytized material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactoferrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysosomes attach and empty their enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are excreted through exocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes and oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidic pH of about 5.0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile proteins surrounding the vesicle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The movement of substances across a membrane from a high concentration area to a low concentration area, driven by random molecular motion.

A type of diffusion where substances move across the membrane without the help of carrier proteins. It relies on kinetic energy and concentration gradients.

A type of diffusion where substances require the assistance of carrier proteins to cross the membrane. The carrier protein binds to the substance and facilitates its movement.

The movement of substances across a membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy from the cell.

The movement of molecules through the watery spaces between cells or across the membrane, often through small pores.

The movement of molecules through membranes or lipid structures, dissolving directly into the lipid bilayer.

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which is not miscible with either the extracellular or intracellular fluid. This creates a barrier to movement of water and water-soluble substances between the two compartments.

The relative concentration of a substance inside the cell versus outside the cell. It drives simple and facilitated diffusion, but can be countered by active transport.

The movement of a substance through a membrane without requiring the cell to expend energy. It relies on random molecular motion and concentration gradients.

The process by which cells engulf large particles, such as bacteria or cellular debris, by wrapping their membrane around them.

The process by which cells engulf small particles or fluids by forming tiny vesicles through a folding of the cell membrane.

Large particles or substances that cannot easily cross the cell membrane are internalized through this process, which involves wrapping the membrane around the substance and forming a vesicle.

A type of endocytosis where specific molecules bind to receptors on the cell membrane, triggering the formation of a vesicle and internalization.

A protein structure that spans the cell membrane, providing a pathway for specific substances to enter or exit the cell. These may be involved in active transport or facilitated diffusion.

The rate of molecule movement across a membrane is predicted by Fick's law, which considers factors like concentration gradient, permeability, area, and thickness of the barrier.

This is a passive process where molecules move across a membrane with the help of a carrier molecule. An example is glucose uptake by cells.

Water moves across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Inhibitors of specific carriers, like probenecid, might have clinical value by affecting the transport of certain substances. For example, probenecid can increase uric acid elimination, benefiting gout patients.

The process of attaching antibodies to the surface of a pathogen, making it easier for phagocytes to engulf and destroy it.

A small organelle inside cells containing enzymes that digest waste products, break down pathogens, and recycle cellular components.

The process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones, such as proteins into amino acids, by enzymes.

A membrane-bound sac inside a cell formed by the engulfment of extracellular fluid or particles.

An enzyme found in lysosomes that breaks down bacterial cell walls.