Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the hydrophilic heads of phospholipids in the cell membrane?
What is the primary function of the hydrophilic heads of phospholipids in the cell membrane?
What type of proteins are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer and interact with both the lipid bilayer and the external environment?
What type of proteins are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer and interact with both the lipid bilayer and the external environment?
What is the thickness of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
What is the thickness of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
What is the effect of cholesterol on membrane fluidity?
What is the effect of cholesterol on membrane fluidity?
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What is the term that describes the dynamic and flexible nature of the cell membrane?
What is the term that describes the dynamic and flexible nature of the cell membrane?
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Study Notes
Cell Membrane Structure
Fluid Mosaic Model
- The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
- The phospholipid bilayer is semi-permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while restricting others
- The fluid mosaic model describes the dynamic and flexible nature of the cell membrane
Phospholipid Bilayer
- Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail
- The hydrophilic heads face outward, interacting with the aqueous environment
- The hydrophobic tails face inward, away from water
- The phospholipid bilayer is 5-7 nanometers thick
Embedded Proteins
- Integral proteins:
- Span the entire membrane, interacting with both the lipid bilayer and the external environment
- Examples: receptors, enzymes, and transport proteins
- Peripheral proteins:
- Attached to the surface of the membrane, interacting with the lipid bilayer or integral proteins
- Examples: signaling proteins and adapter proteins
Membrane Fluidity
- The cell membrane is semi-fluid, allowing for lateral movement of lipids and proteins
- Factors affecting membrane fluidity:
- Temperature: increased temperature increases fluidity
- Cholesterol content: cholesterol reduces fluidity
- Saturated vs. unsaturated fatty acids: unsaturated fatty acids increase fluidity
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Description
Learn about the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, including the phospholipid bilayer, embedded proteins, and factors affecting membrane fluidity. Understand the structure and function of the cell membrane and its components.
