Cell Membrane Structure and Function Quiz

<p>Synthesizing proteins within the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By binding to carbohydrate molecules on the cell surface. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It facilitates the sorting of cells into tissues and organs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serving as markers that distinguish one cell from another (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will gain water and become turgid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will lose water and shrink, eventually leading to plasmolysis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It moves molecules against their concentration gradient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate the passage of water across the cell membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the pressure exerted by the cytoplasm on the cell wall. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration gradient of the substance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water will move out of the cell at a faster rate than it moves in. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tonicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration of nonpenetrating solutes is equal inside and outside the cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animal cells swell and lyse, while plant cells maintain a stable volume due to their cell wall. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will shrink and potentially die. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration of nonpenetrating solutes in the solution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleic acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their hydrophilic heads interact with water, while their hydrophobic tails avoid water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flip-flop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The membrane is a fluid structure with integral and peripheral proteins moving laterally. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulate the passage of molecules into and out of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows some substances to cross it more easily than others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of double bonds in the hydrocarbon tails restricts tight packing of phospholipids. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholesterol decreases fluidity by restricting phospholipid movement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased fluidity of the membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A high proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbon tails in the membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They incorporate unusual lipids into their membranes that resist excessive fluidity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the dynamic nature of the membrane, with proteins moving and interacting within the fluid lipid environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain membrane fluidity and prevent solidification during the winter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Saturated tails can form stronger hydrophobic interactions with each other, leading to increased rigidity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonpolar molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aquaporin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It happens because of the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The type of transport proteins embedded in the membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen diffuses into a cell from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They recognize specific molecules and facilitate their passage across the membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Channel proteins do not change shape, while carrier proteins undergo conformational changes to transport molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is selectively permeable, meaning it allows some molecules to pass through while blocking others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A barrier consisting of phospholipid bilayer that allows selective substance permeability.

An amphipathic molecule that is the primary component of cell membranes.

Molecules containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.

Concept describing the membrane as a dynamic structure with lipids and proteins moving freely.

Property of membranes to regulate which substances can pass through.

Forces between hydrophobic regions that help maintain membrane structure.

The ability of lipids and proteins to move laterally within the membrane.

The solidification point of a membrane varies based on lipid composition.

Hydrocarbon chains with one or more double bonds that prevent tight packing, keeping membranes fluid.

Hydrocarbon chains without double bonds, allowing for tight packing and increased viscosity.

Cholesterol acts as a fluidity buffer in membranes, affecting fluidity at different temperatures.

At high temperatures, cholesterol reduces membrane fluidity by restricting phospholipid movement.

Cholesterol lowers the temperature needed for a membrane to solidify by disrupting phospholipid packing.

Membrane fluidity affects the permeability and movement of membrane proteins, crucial for their function.

Organisms adjust membrane composition with unsaturated fats to survive in extreme temperatures.

Membrane proteins that penetrate the lipid bilayer, often spanning the membrane.

Membrane proteins that are loosely bound to the surface of the membrane, not embedded.

A type of integral protein that spans the entire membrane from one side to the other.

The ability of a cell to distinguish itself from other neighboring cells, crucial for tissue formation and immune response.

Proteins with carbohydrates attached, involved in cell recognition and signaling.

Lipids with carbohydrates attached, contributing to cell recognition in the membrane.

Carbohydrates that are attached to proteins or lipids in the membrane, playing key roles in cell-cell recognition.

The ability of the lipid bilayer to allow substances to cross it.

Substances like hydrocarbons, CO2, and O2 that are hydrophobic and can pass through the bilayer.

Substances like glucose and water that are hydrophilic and cannot cross the membrane freely.

Proteins built into the membrane that assist in the movement of substances across the bilayer.

Proteins that form hydrophilic channels allowing specific molecules or ions to pass through the membrane.

Proteins that bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the membrane.

The movement of substances across a membrane without using energy, often via diffusion.

The process of a substance moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

The difference in solute concentration across a membrane.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

The ability of a solution to affect cell water balance based on solute concentration.

A solution where solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell.

A solution with a higher concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than inside the cell.

A solution with a lower concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than inside the cell.

Changes in cell volume due to water movement across a membrane.

The back pressure exerted by the cell wall against water uptake in plant cells.

A firm and healthy state of plant cells due to high turgor pressure.

A limp state of plant cells when they are isotonic to their environment.

The phenomenon where the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall in hypertonic conditions.

Passive transport of substances through a membrane via specific proteins.