Cell Membrane Structure and Composition

<p>Voltage-gated channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitated diffusion requires ion channels or carrier proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cystinuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased secretion of mucin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy from ATP. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ruptures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To export toxins and drugs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulated secretion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They undergo plasmolysis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secondary active transport. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engulfment of liquid and particles with receptor help. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can include single pass and multipass proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitate cell-cell recognition and attachment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pump proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most cells have a ratio of 1:1, whereas myelin cells have 1:4. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate passive diffusion of ions and small molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multipass transmembrane protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-transmembrane proteins do not span the lipid bilayer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow cancer cells to evade detection by the immune system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains elastic fluid lipid molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phospholipids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are involved in signal transduction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contains glycerol and phosphate groups. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluidity increases with increased temperature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peripheral proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enhance fluidity and stabilize membrane structure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They consist of a lipid and a carbohydrate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proteins embedded within the phospholipid bilayer, interacting with the hydrophobic part. Their ratio to lipids varies between cells, with myelin cells having a lower protein-to-lipid ratio.

Integral proteins that do not span the entire lipid bilayer, remaining within one side.

Integral proteins that completely cross the lipid bilayer, providing a pathway for molecules.

Transmembrane proteins that pass through the lipid bilayer only once.

Transmembrane proteins that cross the lipid bilayer multiple times, forming loops and channels.

Transmembrane proteins found on normal cells, recognized by immune cells as 'self'. Cancer cells can mimic this to evade the immune system.

A layer of sugar molecules attached to the outer surface of the plasma membrane.

The functions of glycocalyx include attachment to the extracellular matrix, binding antigens and enzymes, cell recognition and communication, protection, and activation of immune cells.

Proteins that connect cells to the extracellular matrix, providing structural support and anchoring.

Proteins that connect adjacent cells to one another, maintaining tissue integrity and facilitating communication.

A type of passive transport where molecules move from an area of high concentration to low concentration, requiring no energy.

A type of passive transport that uses carrier proteins or ion channels to facilitate the movement of molecules across cell membranes.

Proteins that span cell membranes, enabling the transport of specific ions across the membrane, often in response to specific stimuli.

Channel proteins specifically designed for the rapid transport of water molecules, ensuring proper hydration.

Proteins that bind to specific molecules and transport them across the cell membrane, undergoing conformational changes to facilitate transport.

A hereditary condition where defective carrier proteins lead to the inability to remove cysteine from the urine, resulting in kidney stones.

Movement of water from an area with low solute concentration (hypotonic) to an area with high solute concentration (hypertonic).

A form of active transport that requires energy (ATP) to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

A type of active transport where the energy for moving one molecule is obtained from the movement of another molecule in the same direction.

A type of active transport where the energy for moving one molecule is obtained from the movement of another molecule in the opposite direction.

A type of active transport where energy is directly provided by ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

A type of active transport where energy is indirectly provided by ATP, often using the concentration gradient of another molecule.

Cellular uptake of large materials by forming vesicles from the plasma membrane.

Cellular release of large materials from the cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.

Describes the cell membrane as a fluid, constantly moving structure with diverse components like lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

The outer layer of the cell membrane, facing the extracellular environment.

The inner layer of the cell membrane, facing the intracellular environment.

The main component of the cell membrane, made of two layers of phospholipids.

Proteins attached to the surface of the cell membrane, either the inner (P-face) or outer (E-face).

The ability of the cell membrane to let some molecules pass through while blocking others.

A process where molecules move across the membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration without using energy.