12 Questions
What are the four main factors that affect the rate of diffusion?
The four main factors that affect the rate of diffusion are: 1) the concentration gradient, 2) the surface area to volume ratio, 3) the distance over which diffusion occurs, and 4) the temperature.
How does active transport differ from diffusion?
Active transport is a process where a cell uses energy from respiration to take up substances against a concentration gradient, whereas diffusion is the movement of substances down a concentration gradient and does not require additional energy.
What is the role of the cell membrane in osmosis?
The cell membrane must be partially permeable, allowing water to move through but not other solutes, for osmosis to occur.
How does the process of cell division (mitosis) relate to the development of multicellular organisms?
Multicellular organisms like animals and plants begin as a single fertilized egg cell (zygote) that then divides through mitosis into two cells, then four, eight, and so on, until the adult body contains millions of cells.
Explain the relationship between diffusion and the kinetic energy of particles.
Diffusion happens because of the kinetic energy of the particles. Higher temperatures provide the particles with more kinetic energy, which increases the rate of diffusion.
What is the role of ATP in active transport?
During active transport, the cell uses energy from the breakdown of ATP to power the 'pumps' (large protein molecules in the cell membrane) that move substances against a concentration gradient.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
How does the concentration gradient influence diffusion?
The concentration gradient is the difference in concentration of a substance between two areas, and it drives the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
Why does carbon dioxide move out of the cell by diffusion?
Carbon dioxide moves out of the cell because its concentration inside the cell is higher than outside, resulting in a net movement of molecules out of the cell.
What happens to oxygen in terms of diffusion during cellular respiration?
Oxygen moves into the cell by diffusion during cellular respiration, as it is used up inside the cell, creating a concentration gradient from outside to inside.
How are the movements of carbon dioxide and oxygen different across the cell membrane?
Carbon dioxide moves out of the cell, while oxygen moves into the cell, down their respective concentration gradients.
What factors can affect the rate of diffusion?
The rate of diffusion can be affected by factors such as the concentration gradient, temperature, surface area, and the permeability of the membrane.
Learn about how substances pass through the cell membrane by diffusion due to differences in concentration, known as concentration gradients. Explore how kinetic energy drives the movement of molecules like carbon dioxide across the membrane.
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